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hydroxylase
(redirected from 21-Hydroxylase)

   Also found in: Medical, Wikipedia 0.01 sec.
hydroxylase [hī′dräk·sə‚lās]
(biochemistry)
Any of several enzymes that catalyze certain hydroxylation reactions involving atomic oxygen.


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The most common type of CAH is 21-hydroxylase deficiency, within which three severity subtypes are distinguished: Saltwasters (SW), the most severe subtype, in which the enzyme deficiency causes deficiencies of both glucocorticoid (glucose-regulating) and mineralocorticoid (sodium-regulating) hormones; simple virilizers (SV), with moderate deficiencies of glucocorticoids; and the mildest subtype, non-classical (NC), late-onset CAH.
For example, 21-hydroxylase has been identified as the primary autoantigen associated with autoimmune Addison's disease.
3,5) These associated adrenal pathologic conditions include adrenocortical hyperplasia, (3) adrenocortical adenomas, (3,5) adrenocortical carcinomas, (5) and endocrinologic dysfunctions, including Addison disease, (4) Conn syndrome, (5) 21-hydroxylase deficiency, (3) 17-hydroxylase deficiency, (6) and ectopic corticotropin production.
 
 
 
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