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Almoravids

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Almoravids (ălmôr`əvĭdz), Berber Muslim dynasty that ruled Morocco and Muslim Spain in the 11th and 12th cent. The Almoravids may have originated in what is now Mauritania Mauritania , officially Islamic Republic of Mauritania, republic (2005 est. pop. 3,087,000), 397,953 sq mi (1,030,700 sq km), NW Africa. It borders on the Atlantic Ocean in the west, on Western Sahara in the northwest and north, on Algeria in the northeast, on Mali
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. The real founder was Abd Allah ibn Yasin, who by military force converted a number of Saharan tribes to his own reformed religion and then advanced on Morocco. After his death (c.1059), Yusuf ibn Tashfin Yusuf ibn Tashfin , d. 1106, ruler in the dynasty of the Almoravids (c.1059–1106). A Muslim, he led the Berbers in N Africa, continued the conquest of Morocco, took Algeria, and founded (1062) Marrakech, which became his capital.
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 and his brother Abu Bakr Abu Bakr , 573–634, 1st caliph, friend, father-in-law, and successor of Muhammad. He was probably Muhammad's first convert outside the Prophet's family and alone accompanied Muhammad on the Hegira.
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 came to power. Marrakech Marrakech or Marrakesh , city (1994 pop. 672,478), W central Morocco. The city, renowned for leather goods, is one of the principal commercial centers of Morocco and a major tourist center.
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 was founded in 1062 and was the center of a powerful empire. Called by the Moors in Spain to help stem Christian reconquest, Yusuf entered Andalusia and defeated (1086) Alfonso VI of Castile. He later subdued the local Muslim rulers and governed Muslim Spain and N Morocco (Abu Bakr ruling over S Morocco). The dynasty also pushed south, destroying the ancient state of Ghana Ghana , ancient empire, W Africa, in the savanna region of what is now E Senegal, SW Mali, and S Mauritania. The empire was founded c.6th cent. by Soninke peoples and lay astride the trans-Saharan caravan routes.
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. The Almoravids were rough and puritanical, contemptuous of the luxurious Muslim courts in Spain. Their rule was never entirely stable and in the 12th cent. was attacked by the Almohads Almohads , Berber Muslim dynasty that ruled Morocco and Spain in the 12th and 13th cent. It had its origins in the puritanical sect founded by Ibn Tumart, who stirred up (c.1120) the tribes of the Atlas Mts. area to purify Islam and oust the Almoravids.
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, who finally (by 1174) won both Morocco and Muslim Spain.


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History professor Mohamed Salem refers the practice of Leblouh to the days of the Almoravids, an Amazigh (Berber) dynasty that spread though Sahara in the 11th century.
As the Christians made steady advances to the south, taking the once-powerful taifa of Toledo in 1085 under Alfonso VI, the Moors grew desperate for assistance and in a pivotal move recruited the Almoravids, an Arabic fundamentalist sect that controlled North Africa.
Some of the heroic episodes may be unknown to some visitors, such as the rule of Spain by the Almoravids, African Muslims, during the eleventh and twelfth centuries and the Ethiopian king Menelik's victory over the Italian army in the late nineteenth century.
 
 
 
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