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altruism |
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altruism (ăl`tr ĭz`əm), concept in philosophy and psychology that holds that the interests of others, rather than of the self, can motivate an individual. The term was invented in the 19th cent. by the French philosopher Auguste Comte Comte, Auguste (ōgüst` kôNt)..... Click the link for more information. , who devised it as the opposite of egoism egoism (ē`gōĭzəm) ..... Click the link for more information. . Herbert Spencer Spencer, Herbert, 1820–1903, English philosopher, b. Derby. He projected a vast 10-volume work, Synthetic Philosophy, in which all phenomena are interpreted according to the principle of evolutionary progress. ..... Click the link for more information. and John Stuart Mill Mill, John Stuart, 1806–73, British philosopher and economist. A precocious child, he was educated privately by his father, James Mill. In 1823, abandoning the study of law, he became a clerk in the East India company, where he rose to become head of the ..... Click the link for more information. , English contemporaries of Comte, accepted the worth of altruism but argued that the true moral aim should be the welfare of society, rather than that of individuals. altruismEthical theory that regards the good of others as the end of moral action; by extension, the disposition to take the good of others as an end in itself. The term (French, altruisme, derived from Latin alter: “other”) was coined in the 19th century by Auguste Comte and adopted generally as a convenient antithesis to egoism. Most altruists have held that each person has an obligation to further the pleasures and alleviate the pains of other people. The same argument holds if happiness, rather than pleasure, is taken as the end of life. altruism the philosophical doctrine that right action is that which produces the greatest benefit to others How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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| For one of the striking
conclusions of this sociological study of altruistic behavior among
non-Jewish Europeans toward Jews during the Holocaust is that the mildly
religious, not the very religious or the adamantly irreligious, were
least likely to show it. Even a neo-Darwinian commentator like Matt Ridley, who argues that
the biological selfishness of individual genes can still actually foster
cooperative and even altruistic behavior in the right social
environment, must concede that to shape our social environment in ways
that will elicit congenial behaviors while also suppressing certain
genetically-programmed traits of brutality, greed, and rapaciousness,
social engineers must deliberately propagate untruth. While research suggests that perspective
taking does not directly lead to altruistic behavior and that liking is
an important precursor to perspective taking, this information can be
useful. |
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