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Amoraim

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Amoraim (ä`mōrä`ĭm) [Heb. amar=to interpret], in Judaism, term referring to those scholars, predominantly at Caesarea and Tiberias in Palestine (c.A.D. 220–c.A.D. 375) and in Babylonia (c.A.D. 200–c.A.D. 500), who interpreted the Mishna Mishna , in Judaism, codified collection of Oral Law—legal interpretations of portions of the biblical books of Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy and other legal material.
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 and other Tannaitic collections (see Talmud Talmud [Aramaic from Heb.,=learning], in Judaism, vast compilation of the Oral Law with rabbinical elucidations, elaborations, and commentaries, in contradistinction to the Scriptures or Written Laws. The Talmud is the accepted authority for Orthodox Jews everywhere.
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). Serving as judges, communal administrators, teachers, and collectors of charity, they were responsive to contemporary problems. Working to supersede the Temple cult, they helped establish the ideal that all Jews should devote themselves to study of the Torah. Their discussions constitute the section of the Talmud known as the Gemara. In addition, they were responsible for much of the nonlegal or aggadic material that appears in the Talmud and in the Midrashim (see Midrash Midrash [Heb.,=to examine, to investigate], verse by verse interpretation of Hebrew Scriptures, consisting of homily and exegesis, by Jewish teachers since about 400 B.C.
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).

Bibliography

See J. Neusner, There We Sat Down (1972); H. L. Strack, Introduction to the Talmud and Midrash (1931, rev. ed. 1991).



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This nickname was cherished by the Amoraim and is ubiquitous in their sayings.
The authorities of the Mishna are called by the term Tanna, meaning teacher by the authorities of the Gemara, themselves known as Amoraim, or an Amora.
But these folks really talk - just as the rabbis or the amoraim (the writers of Talmud) do - and they talk about specific things: what does the serpent mean in the story of the Fall; why does Abraham in Egypt tell Sarah to pretend to be his sister; how could God play the savage trick on Abraham of asking him to sacrifice his only son Isaac?
 
 
 
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