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quark |
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quark (kwôrk): see elementary particles elementary particles, the most basic physical constituents of the universe.
Basic Constituents of MatterMolecules are built up from the atom , which is the basic unit of any chemical element . ..... Click the link for more information. . quarkAny of a group of subatomic particles thought to be among the fundamental constituents of matter—more specifically, of protons and neutrons. The concept of the quark was first proposed by Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig (b. 1937); its name was taken from James Joyce's novel Finnegans Wake. Quarks include all particles that interact by means of the strong force. They have mass and spin, and they obey the Pauli exclusion principle. They have never been resolved into smaller components, and they never occur alone. Their behaviour is explained by the theory of quantum chromodynamics, which provides a means of calculating their basic properties. There are six types of quarks, called up, down, strange, charm, bottom, and top. Only the up and down quarks are needed to make protons and neutrons; the others occur in heavier, unstable particles. How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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| Physicists have long known that types of quarks and antiquarks combine in twos and threes to form more-complex particles such as protons and neutrons. Particles called baryons, such as protons and neutrons, contain three quarks or antiquarks each. Until recently, quarks and antiquarks were observed only in groups of twos or threes. |
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Antiquarks
