Apollinaire, Guillaume (gēyōm` äpōlēnâr`), 1880–1918, French poet. He was christened Wilhelm Apollinaris de Kostrowitzky. Apollinaire was a leader in the restless period of technical innovation and experimentation in the arts during the early 20th cent. Influenced by the symbolist poets of the previous generation, he developed a casual, lyrical poetic style characterized by a blend of modern and traditional images and verse techniques. His best-known lyrical poems are collected in Alcools (1913) and Calligrammes (1918). A friend of many avant-garde artists, including Picasso and Braque, Apollinaire is credited with introducing cubism cubism, art movement, primarily in painting, originating in Paris c.1907.
Cubism began as an intellectual revolt against the artistic expression of previous eras.
..... Click the link for more information. with his book Les Peintres cubistes (1913, tr. The Cubist Painters, 1949). Les Mamelles de Tirésias (1918), his only play, was one of the earliest examples of surrealism surrealism (sərē`əlĭzəm)
..... Click the link for more information. .
(born Aug. 26, 1880, Rome?, Italy—died Nov. 9, 1918, Paris, Fr.) French poet of Polish-Italian birth. Arriving in Paris at age 20, Apollinaire always kept his early years obscure. In his short life he took part in all the avant-garde movements that flourished at the beginning of the 20th century. His poetry was characterized by daring, even outrageous, technical experiments. Because of his efforts to create an effect of surprise by means of unusual verbal associations and word patterns, he is often considered the herald of Surrealism. His poetic masterpiece was Alcools (1913). His death resulted from a head wound received in World War I.
Cubist Theory
Cubism began as an intellectual revolt against the artistic expression of previous eras.
..... Click the link for more information. with his book Les Peintres cubistes (1913, tr. The Cubist Painters, 1949). Les Mamelles de Tirésias (1918), his only play, was one of the earliest examples of surrealism surrealism (sərē`əlĭzəm)
..... Click the link for more information. .
Bibliography
See biographies by F. Steegmuller (1963, repr. 1971) and M. Davies (1964); studies by L. C. Breunig (1969), K. Samaltanos (1984), T. Mathews (1988), and S. Bates (1967, rev. ed. 1989).
Apollinaire, Guillaume
orig. Guillelmus (or Wilhelm) Apollinaris de Kostrowitzky)
Apollinaire, drawing by Pablo Picasso from the frontispiece to Calligrammes, 1918
(credit: H. Roger-Viollet)
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