Artaxerxes II definition of Artaxerxes II in the Free Online Encyclopedia.

Artaxerxes II, d. 358 B.C., king of ancient Persia (404–358 B.C.), son and successor of Darius II Darius II, d. 404 B.C., king of ancient Persia (423?–404 B.C.); son of Artaxerxes I and a concubine, hence sometimes called Darius Nothus [Darius the bastard].
..... Click the link for more information. . He is sometimes called in Greek Artaxerxes Mnemon [the thoughtful]. Early in his reign Cyrus the Younger Cyrus the Younger, d. 401 B.C., Persian prince, younger son of Darius II and Parysatis. He was his mother's favorite, and she managed to get several satrapies in Asia Minor for him when he was very young.
..... Click the link for more information. attempted to assassinate him and seize the throne. Artaxerxes finally crushed Cyrus' rebellion at the battle of Cunaxa (401 B.C.), where Cyrus was killed. The story of the Greek contingent in the battle was made famous by Xenophon. Artaxerxes was ruled by the will of his wife and mother and relied heavily upon his officials; in addition, the satraps Pharnabazus Pharnabazus (färnəbā`zəs), d. after 374 B.C., Persian governor.
..... Click the link for more information. and Tissaphernes Tissaphernes (tĭs'əfûr`nēz), d. 395 B.C., Persian satrap of coastal Asia Minor (c.413–395 B.C.).
..... Click the link for more information. had real ruling power. They managed by liberal distribution of Persian gold to gain great influence in Greece, and the Peace of Antalcidas (386 B.C., see Corinthian War Corinthian War (395 B.C.–86 B.C.), armed conflict between Corinth, Argos, Thebes, and Athens on one side and Sparta on the other. Angered by Sparta's tyrannical overlordship in Greece after the Peloponnesian War, several Greek states took advantage of Sparta's
..... Click the link for more information. ) marked the imposition of Persian control of the Greek city-states. The provinces of the empire eventually became restless. Evagoras Evagoras (ĭvăg`ərəs), d. c.374 B.C., despot of Cyprus. Exiled in his youth, he returned (411 B.C.
..... Click the link for more information. made himself independent as a ruler of Cyprus but finally (c.381) submitted to the king. Pharnabazus and Iphicrates, sent to reduce Egypt, disagreed and accomplished nothing. A formidable and longlasting revolt of the satraps (among them Mausolus) against the king was put down just before his death. He was eventually succeeded by Artaxerxes III Artaxerxes III, d. 338 B.C., king of ancient Persia (358–338 B.C.), son and successor of Artaxerxes II. He was originally named Ochus and is sometimes called Artaxerxes Ochus.
..... Click the link for more information. . The reign of Artaxerxes II also saw a revival of the cult of Mithra Mithraism. This was one of the great religions of the Roman Empire, and in the 2d cent. A.D. it was more general than Christianity. Mithraism found widest favor among the Roman legions, for whom Mithra (or Mithras in Latin and Greek) was the ideal divine comrade and fighter.
..... Click the link for more information. .