Automatic Switch-in of Standby Facilities

Automatic Switch-in of Standby Facilities 

the rapid automatic switching-in of reserve sources of energy supply, water supply, or reserve equipment and machinery to ensure the uninterrupted continuity of supply to users of electrical energy, gaseous fuel, water, and so on or to prevent emergencies during sudden malfunction of operated supply sources, electrical power lines, water and gas pipelines, important mechanisms and instruments, and similar devices. Automatic switch-in of standby facilities is very widely used in energy systems and in high-voltage installations of various types (transformers, motors, and other electrical equipment) and somewhat less frequently in low-voltage electrical installations—for example, at 220 to 380 volts.

Automatic switch-in of standby facilities is accomplished by means of special automatic AC or DC devices, guaranteeing the switching within a given time interval of reserve sources of supply, equipment, and the like. The shorter the interruption of supply to the users, the higher the effectiveness of automatic switch-in of standby facilities as a means of prevention of emergencies. Therefore, the time for switch-in of standby facilities should be the minimum possible. In energy systems of the USSR, according to statistical data each device for automatic switch-in of standby facilities which has been put into service prevents an average of one interruption in electric supply to users during each four- to five-year period.

REFERENCES

Barzam, A. B. Sistemnaia avtomatika, 2nd ed. Moscow-Leningrad, 1964.
Gel’fand, Ia. S., M. L. Golubev, and M. I. Tsarev. Releinaia zashchita i elektroavtomatika na peremennom operativnom toke. Moscow-Leningrad, 1966.

M. I. TSAREV