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axon |
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axon: see nervous system nervous system, network of specialized tissue that controls actions and reactions of the body and its adjustment to the environment. Virtually all members of the animal kingdom have at least a rudimentary nervous system. ..... Click the link for more information. ; synapse synapse (sĭn`ăps), junction between various signal-transmitter cells, either between two neurons or between a neuron and a muscle or ..... Click the link for more information. . How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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Myelin is stripped, axons (nerve fibers) have broken, and entire nerve cells have died. While experimenting on optic nerves in rats, Larry Benowitz of Children's Hospital in Boston and his colleagues discovered by accident that scratching or poking the lens in an animal's eye could prompt damaged neurons to regrow axons farther toward the brain than researchers had ever seen. Stem cells known as normal human neural progenitor (NHNP) cells develop into three types of brain cells: neurons, which receive and transmit electrical signals via axons and synapses; astrocytes, which manage neurons' surrounding environment; and oligodendrocytes, which produce myelin, the fatty sheath that insulates axons. |
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