Lobelia (redirected from Ban bian lian)

lobelia (lōbēl`yə), any plant of the genus Lobelia, annual and perennial herbs of tropical and temperate woodlands and moist places. Most lobelias have blue or purple flowers on a long (1–4 ft/30–122 cm), leafy stem. Native North American species, often cultivated as ornamentals, include the only red lobelia, the cardinal flower (L. cardinalis), which is becoming rare; the blue lobelia (L. syphilitica), used by Native Americans for the treatment of syphilis; and Indian tobacco (L. inflata), named for its odor. The dried leaves and stems of Indian tobacco and sometimes of other species furnish medicinal lobelia, the source of lobeline, which is used as a respiratory stimulant but is poisonous in overdose as are the roots. L. erinus, introduced from S Africa, is a common border plant. Most botanists include Lobelia and related genera in the family Campanulaceae (bluebell family); others consider them a separate family, the Lobeliaceae. Lobelia is classified in the division Magnoliophyta, class Magnoliopsida, order Campanulales, family Campanulaceae.

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lobelia

any plant of the campanulaceous genus Lobelia, having red, blue, white, or yellow five-lobed flowers with the three lower lobes forming a lip

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lobelia

traditional symbol of evil. [Flower Symbolism: Flora Symbolica, 175]

See : Evil

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Lobelia

a genus of plants of the family Lobeliaceae (sometimes included in the family Campanulaceae). They are annual and perennial herbs, subshrubs, and shrubs. The leaves are entire and alternate. The flowers are irregular, in bilabiate or monolabiate corollas, and bisexual. The stamens are united into a tube through which the style with the stigma passes. The fruit is a capsule.

There are approximately 350 species of Lobelia, distributed in humid places in the tropics and subtropics of America and Africa. Fewer species are found in Asia, Australia, and Oceania; only two species are encountered in Europe. There are two species in the USSR: water lobelia (Lobelia dortmanna) and L. sessilifolia. Water lobelia grows in bodies of water in the European USSR. L. sessilifolia is found in bogs, along river banks and lake shores, on floodplains, and near hot springs in Eastern Siberia; in the Soviet Far East this species grows as a weed among rice plantings. In the USSR, Indian tobacco (L. inflata), which is a North American species, and less commonly acrid lobelia (L. urens), which is native to Western Europe, are used as medicinal plants. The aboveground parts of these plants contain the alkaloid lobeline. Some lobelias are cultivated as ornamentals. L. erinus is widely used as an edging plant and in flower beds.

REFERENCE

Atlas lekarstvennykh rastenii SSSR. Moscow, 1962.

M. E. KIRPICHNIKOV