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Bernstorff, Johann Hartwig Ernst

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Bernstorff, Johann Hartwig Ernst (yōhän` härt`vĭkh bĕrns`tôrf), 1712–72, Danish politician, of German (Hanoverian) origin. As minister of foreign affairs (1751–70) under Frederick V Frederick V, 1723–66, king of Denmark and Norway (1746–66), son and successor of Christian VI. Frederick's reign was one of commercial expansion and prosperity.
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 and Christian VII, he successfully kept Denmark at peace. In 1767 he negotiated with Russia a provisional treaty by which the Danish crown was to cede Oldenburg Oldenburg (ôl`dənbrkh), former state, NW Germany.
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 to Catherine II of Russia in exchange for ducal Holstein Holstein, former duchy, N central Germany, the part of Schleswig-Holstein S of the Eider River. Kiel and Rendsburg were the chief cities. For a description of Holstein and for its history after 1814, see Schleswig-Holstein .
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. In 1770, Christian VII, under the influence of Struensee Struensee, Johann Friedrich (yō`hän frē`drĭkh shtr
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, dismissed Bernstorff.


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