Berry, Jean de France, duke de

Berry, Jean de France, duke de

 orig. Charles-Ferdinand de Bourbon

(born Jan. 24, 1778, Versailles, France—died Feb. 14, 1820, Paris) French nobleman. Son of the future Charles X, he left France at the outbreak of the French Revolution and lived abroad until 1815. His assassination by a Bonapartist fanatic marked a turning point in the Bourbon Restoration, hastening the downfall of the moderate Decazes government and the polarization into liberal and royalist groups.

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Berry, Jean de France, duke de

(born Nov. 30, 1340, Vincennes, France—died June 15, 1416, Paris) French nobleman and patron of the arts. He was the son of King John II. As duke de Berry and Auvergne, he controlled at least one-third of France during the middle period of the Hundred Years' War. Berry shared in the administration of France and worked for peace with England and within France, acting as diplomat and mediator. He invested fortunes in the art treasures that became his monument—paintings, tapestries, jewelry, and illuminated manuscripts that included the famous Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry.