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Black Country

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Black Country, highly industrialized region, mostly in Staffordshire but partly in Worcestershire and Warwickshire, W central England. It includes the cities of Dudley Dudley, city (1991 pop. 186,513) and metropolitan district, W central England. Dudley's famed iron, coal, and limestone industries began declining c.1870. Other industries include engineering works, steelworks, metallurgy, glass cutting, textiles, and leatherworking.
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, Rowley Regis (see Warley Warley, urban area (1991 pop. 152,455), Sandwell metropolitan district, central England. Warley is highly industrialized; its manufactures include machinery, fabricated metal products, chemicals, and electrical appliances.
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), Tipton, Walsall Walsall , city (1991 pop. 177,923) and metropolitan district, W central England, in the Black Country. Iron and brass founding, limestone quarrying, and the manufacture of leather goods, small hardware, plastics, electronics, chemicals, and aircraft parts are the
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, Wednesbury, West Bromwich West Bromwich , city (1991 pop. 146,386), Sandwell metropolitan district, W central England. On the site of a 12th-century Benedictine priory, West Bromwich has foundries and engineering and chemical works. A technical college is there.
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, and Wolverhampton Wolverhampton , city (1991 pop. 263,501) and metropolitan district, W central England, in the Black Country. Wolverhampton is highly industrialized; products include automobiles, hardware, rayon, tires, and chemicals. St.
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. From the mid-18th to the mid-19th cent. the area's resources—coal, iron, clay, and limestone—made iron smelting and the manufacture of iron products the main industries. The black smoke from the factories gave the region its name. Since the iron and coal mines have been depleted, regional industries use iron, steel, brass, and copper from other localities to manufacture metal products. These include hardware, tubes, boilers, machinery and machine tools, home appliances, and road and rail vehicles. There are also chemical and constructional-engineering industries.
Black Country
the. the formerly heavily industrialized region of central England, northwest of Birmingham


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On, through many tunnels into the black country itself, where the furnace fires burned oftener, but the signs of habitation were fewer.
He turned his head the other way, and the cold black country seemed to frown him off, and drive him for a refuge into its hospitable arms.
 
 
 
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