Brown, Joseph Rogers

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Brown, Joseph Rogers

(born Jan. 26, 1810, Warren, R.I., U.S.—died July 23, 1876, Isles of Shoals, N.H.) U.S. inventor and manufacturer. He perfected and produced a highly accurate linear dividing engine in 1850, and then developed a vernier caliper and also applied vernier methods to the protractor. With Lucian Sharpe he founded the Brown and Sharpe Manufacturing Co. His micrometre caliper appeared in 1867. He invented a precision gear cutter to produce clock gears, a universal milling machine, and (perhaps his finest innovation) a universal grinding machine, in which articles were hardened first and then ground, thereby increasing accuracy and eliminating waste.

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