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caldera |
Also found in: Wikipedia, Hutchinson | 0.04 sec. |
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caldera: see crater caldera is a much larger crater, typically ranging from 3 to 18 mi (5–30 km) in diameter, and represents a considerable fraction of the volcano's basal diameter. In a few instances, however, tremendous volcanic eruptions have left calderas 50 mi (80 km) or so, such as that ..... Click the link for more information. . calderaLarge, bowl-shaped volcanic depression that forms when the top of a volcanic cone collapses into the space left after magma is ejected during a violent volcanic eruption. The term is Spanish for “caldron.” Subsequent minor eruptions may build small cones on the floor of the caldera which may still later fill up with water; an example is Crater Lake in Oregon. CalderaSee SCO. caldera [kal′der·ə] (geology) A large collapse depression at a volcano summit that is typically circular to slightly elongate in shape, with dimensions many times greater than any included vent. It ranges from a few miles to 37 miles (60 kilometers) in diameter. It may resemble a volcanic crater in form, but differs in that it is a collapse rather than a constructional feature. How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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Numerous published models of caldera subsidence, usually focused on understanding igneous caldera formation, clearly show the relationship between loss of volume in the shallow subsurface and caldera collapse (e. This phase was succeeded by felsic ignimbrite eruptions with corresponding caldera collapse and the intrusion of a large, shallow-level microgranite. Caldera collapse during large-magnitude volcanic eruptions can involve fault displacements of many hundreds of metres in hours or days and, where the rocks are robust and remain in contact, friction melting can occur; typical rates of displacement on such 'superfaults', in the range - 0. |
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