Capsulated Microorganisms

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bacteria, yeasts, and mold fungi whose cells are surrounded by a gelatinous capsule consisting chiefly of polysaccharides and protecting the cell against unfavorable external influences. Azotobacter, Leuconos-toc, pneumococcus, and some kinds of asporogenous yeasts (such as Torulopsis) have thick capsules. The existence of capsules is determined by staining specimens or placing them in an india ink preparation; a light zone corresponding to the capsule can then be seen around capsulated microorganisms. Pathogenic capsulated microorganisms become avirulent when they lose their capacity to form capsules.

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