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Concretions

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Concretions 

mineral formations of spherical shape found in sedimentary rock or recent sediments. Grains of minerals, rock debris, shells, fish teeth and bones, and plant remains may serve as centers of concretion. Most prevalent among the diverse forms of concretions are globular shapes and, less frequently, elliptical, disklike, and irregular (grown-together) shapes. In terms of structure, the most common are concentrically layered (conchoidal), coarse-banded, radiate-fibrous (spherulitic), and globular concretions. They usually consist of calcium carbonates (calcite and, less frequently, aragonite), ferric oxides and iron sulfides, calcium phosphates, gypsum, and manganese compounds. In limestone they frequently consist of silicic acid (flint nodules).

Concretions are found in deposits of various geologic systems and in sediments of modern lakes, seas, and oceans. Considerable accumulations of ferromanganese concretions (nearly 10 percent of the entire area of the ocean floor), which are of practical interest, are located on the surface of the floors of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans.



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There, in three or four fathoms of water, between the reefs of Pacou and Vanou, lay anchors, cannons, pigs of lead and iron, embedded in the limy concretions.
Troubles and other realities took on themselves a meta-physical impalpability, sinking to mere mental phenomena for serene contemplation, and no longer stood as pressing concretions which chafed body and soul.
We here see at the bottom of the cliffs, beds containing sharks' teeth and sea-shells of extinct species, passing above into an indurated marl, and from that into the red clayey earth of the Pampas, with its calcareous concretions and the bones of terrestrial quadrupeds.
 
 
 
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