`lyō kōrtä`zär), 1914–84, Argentine novelist, poet, essayist, and short-story writer, b. Brussels. Moving permanently to France in 1951, Cortázar gradually gained recognition as one of the century's major experimental writers. His works reflect the influence of French surrealism, psychoanalysis, and his love of both photography and jazz, along with his strong commitment to revolutionary Latin American politics. Widely considered his masterpiece, Hopscotch, (1963; tr. 1966) creates a world full of fantasy and satire, where eroticism, humor, and play offer solace for life's cruelty and despair. His other works include End of the Game (1956; tr. 1967), Sixty-two: A Model Kit (1972; tr. 1972), All Fires the Fire and Other Stories (tr. 1973), and A Change of Light and Other Stories (tr. 1980).
Bibliography
See studies by S. Boldy (1980), A. Hernandez del Castillo (1981), T. Peavler (1990), and J. Rodríguez-Luis (1991).
Cortázar, Julio
(born Aug. 26, 1914, Brussels, Belg.—died Feb. 12, 1984, Paris, France) Argentine-French novelist and short-story writer. Born to Argentine parents, he was educated in Argentina. His first story collection, Bestiario (1951; “Bestiary”), was published the year he moved to Paris, where he spent much of the rest of his life. His masterpiece, Hopscotch (1963), is an open-ended novel, or antinovel, in which the reader is invited to rearrange the chapters. One of his stories became the basis for Michelangelo Antonioni's film Blow-up (1966).
Cortázar, Julio
Born Aug. 26, 1914, in Brussels. Argentine writer. A teacher by education.
Cortázar has lived in Paris since 1951. He made his literary debut in 1938. In 1949 he published his play The Kings. It was followed by the collections of short stories Bestiary (1951), End of the Game (1956), and Secret Weapons (1959). Almost all the stories contain elements of the fantastic, which are also present in the novel The Winners (1960). The novel Class Game (1963) was an example of the neo-avant-garde experimentation that occurred in Latin American literature in the 1960’s and that was also developed in his collection of essays Eighty Worlds Around a Day (1967) and in the novels 62 Model To Be Assembled (1967) and The Last Round (1969). Cortazar writes magazine articles with an anti-imperialist point of view. His main theme is the spiritual crisis of bourgeois society.
WORKS
Cuentos. Havana, 1964.Ceremonias. Barcelona, 1968.
Relates. [Buenos Aires, 1970.]
In Russian translation:
“Dve novelly.” Introductory article by M. Bylinkina. Inostrannaia literatura, 1970, no. 1.
Drugoe nebo: Rasskazy. Compilation and preface by E. Braginskaia. Moscow, 1971.
REFERENCES
García, Canclini N. Cortázar, una antropologia poética. Buenos Aires [1968].Sola, G. de. J. Cortázar y el hombre nuevo. Buenos Aires [1968].
Escamilla, Molina R. Cortázar: Visión de conjunto. [Mexico City, 1970].
L. S. OSPOVAT
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