Dalí, Salvador (sälväthōr` dälē`, dä`lē), 1904–89, Spanish painter. At first influenced by futurism futurism, Italian school of painting, sculpture, and literature that flourished from 1909, when Filippo Tommaso Marinetti's first manifesto of futurism appeared, until the end of World War I.
..... Click the link for more information. , in 1924 Dalí came under the influence of the Italian painter de Chirico Chirico, Giorgio de (jōr`jō dā kē`rēkō), 1888–1978, Italian painter, b. Vólos, Greece.
..... Click the link for more information. and by 1929 he had become a leader of surrealism surrealism (sərē`əlĭzəm)
..... Click the link for more information. . His precisely realistic style enhances the obsessively nightmarish effect of many of his paintings. Among his best-known works is Persistence of Memory (1931; Mus. of Modern Art, New York City) with its strangely melting clocks. In 1940 Dalí escaped from Nazi-occupied France and emigrated to the United States. He wrote The Secret Life of Salvador Dalí (1942) and also made surrealist ventures in films (e.g., Luis Buñuel Buñuel, Luis (l

ēs` b
..... Click the link for more information. 's Un Chien andalou, 1928), advertising, and the ballet. A self-proclaimed genius, Dalí was certainly a multitalented artist–a superb draftsman whose wildly inventive imagination has left a strong impression on contemporary culture. However, his publicity-seeking antics, commercialism, and encouragement of art-world trickery that made fake Dalí prints an industry caused some to brand him a charlatan. The Salvador Dalí Museum, St. Petersburg, Fla., and Teatre-Museu Dalí, Figueres, Spain, are devoted to his works.

Bibliography

See his diary, ed. by M. Déon (tr. 1965), Diary of a Genius (tr. 1994); C. Maurer, ed., Sebastian's Arrows: Letters and Momentos of Salvador Dalí and Federico García Lorca (2004); R. Descharnes and G. Neret, Dali: The Paintings (2 vol., 2004); biographies by I. G. De Liano (1984), R. Rom (1985), M. Etherington-Smith (1993), and I. Gibson (1998); studies by C. Lake (1969), H. N. Finkelstein (1996), R. Goff (1998), and R. Radford (1998).

Dalí (y Domenech), Salvador (Felipe Jacinto)

“Dali Atomicus,” or Dali with everything in suspension, photograph by Philippe Halsman, …

(born May 11, 1904, Figueras, Spain—died Jan. 23, 1989, Figueras) Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, and designer. He studied in Madrid and Barcelona before moving to Paris, where, in the late 1920s, after reading Sigmund Freud's writings on the erotic significance of subconscious imagery, he joined the Surrealist group of artists. Once Dalí hit on this method, his painting style matured with extraordinary rapidity, and from 1929 to 1937 he produced the paintings that made him the world's best-known Surrealist artist. His paintings depict a dream world in which commonplace objects, painted with meticulous realism, are juxtaposed, deformed, or metamorphosed in bizarre ways. In his most famous painting, The Persistence of Memory (1931), limp watches melt in an eerie landscape. With Luis Buñuel he made the Surrealist films Un Chien andalou (1928) and L'Âge d'or (1930). Expelled from the Surrealist movement when he adopted a more academic style, he later designed stage sets, jewelry, interiors, and book illustrations. His highly accessible art—and the publicity attracted by the eccentricity, exhibitionism, and flamboyant behaviour he cultivated throughout his life—made him extremely wealthy.