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Desmosomes

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Desmosomes 

(from Greek desmos, “ligament,” “band” and soma, “body”), surface structures of animal cells, which make it possible for them to be connected to one another. Previously desmosomes were thought to be intercellular bridges. However, electron-microscope research has shown that each desmosome consists of two “halves” (that belong to neighboring cells), divided by a slit-like space (100-200 angstroms). The outer part of the desmosome, which is turned toward the slit-like space, apparently consists of a thickening of the plasma membrane. Next to it lies a wider part formed by a network of fibrillae. Despite the morphological isolation of the desmosome “halves,” cells where they are located are more firmly connected to one another.



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Examination of tumor cells on electron microscopy will reveal (1) desmosomes, (2) arrays of cytoplasmic, uniformly dispersed microfilaments in the presence or absence of dense bodies, and (3) pinocytotic vesicles with basal lamina separating the tumor cells from the stroma.
Among the topics are cadherins, adherens junctions and desmosomes, integrins and focal contacts, receptor tyrosine phosphatases, Notch and Slit-Robo signaling, adhesive binding to collagen and fibrillin, and complex adhesive mechanisms involved in leukocyte migration and malaria.
Remarkably, DSC3 and PKP1, components of desmosomes, have been reported to be highly upregulated in squamous cell carcinomas.
 
 
 
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