Diesel Fuel

diesel fuel [′dē·zəl ‚fyül]

(materials)

Fuel used for internal combustion in diesel engines; usually that fraction of crude oil that distills after kerosine.

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Diesel Fuel 

a liquid petroleum fuel used in diesel engines. Two groups of diesel fuels are produced: distillate low-viscosity fuels used in high-speed boosted diesels and high-viscosity residual fuels used in slow-speed diesels.

Distillate diesel fuels are produced by using kerosine-gas-oil fractions from direct petroleum refining and to some degree (up to 20 percent) gas oils from catalytic cracking. Fuel for slow-speed diesels is produced from a mixture of fuel oils and the kerosine-gas-oil fractions of petroleum.

Table 1. Distillate fuels
Fuel	Viscosity at 20°C (centistokes)1	Centane number	Sulfur content (percent)	Congealing temperature (°C)	Flash point (°C)
1 1 stoke = 10 m2/sec * Viscosity at 50°C
Motor vehicle and tractor fuels
Low sulfur content: DA (arctic)...............	2.5-4.0	40	0.2	-60	35
DZ (winter)...............	3.5-6.0	40	0.2	-45	50
DL (summer)...............	3.5-8.0	45	0.2	-10	60
DS (special)...............	2.5-4.0 2	50	0.2	-15	90
High sulfur content: A (arctic)...............	1.5-2.5	45	0.4	-55	30
Z (winter)...............	2.2-3.2	45	0.6	-35	35
L (summer)...............	3.0-6.0	45	1.0	-10	40
S (special)...............	4.5-6.0	50	1.0	-15	90
Locomotive and ship engine fuels
TZ (winter)...............	2.2-5.0	45	0.5	-35	40
TL (summer)...............	3.5-6.5	45	0.5	-10	65

Tables 1 and 2 show the basic properties of diesel fuels produced in the USSR.

Table 2. Residual fuels
Fuel	Viscosity at 50°C (centistokes)	Cokeability (percent)	Sulfur content (percent)	Congealing temperature (°C)	Flash point (°C)
DT...............	36	3.0	0.5-1-5	-5	65
DM...............	150	10.0	3.0	10	85

REFERENCES

Nefteprodukty: Spravochnik. Edited by B. V. Losikov. Moscow, 1966.
Tekhnicheskie usloviia na nefteprodukty. Moscow, 1969.

N. G. PUCHKOV