Elizabeth (redirected from Elishebha)

Elizabeth, sister of King Louis XVI of France

Elizabeth, 1764–94, sister of King Louis XVI of France, known as Madame Elizabeth. Deeply loyal to her brother, she remained in France during the French Revolution, suffered imprisonment, and was guillotined.

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Elizabeth, queen consort of George VI of Great Britain

Elizabeth, 1900–2002, queen consort of George VI of Great Britain, mother of Elizabeth II and Princess Margaret, b. London. She was Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon until her marriage (1923). During the Blitz in World War II, she and the king remained in London, becoming symbols of courage to the British people. Elizabeth assumed the title Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother, when her daughter was crowned. An active public figure, affectionately called the "Queen Mum," she was Chancellor of the Univ. of London (1955–80) and one of the most enduringly popular members of the royal family.

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Elizabeth, city, United States

Elizabeth, city (1990 pop. 110,002), seat of Union co., NE N.J., on Newark Bay; inc. 1855. It is a shipping and transportation hub, with some of the world's largest containerized dock facilities at Port Elizabeth. Since 1985 the harbor, as part of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, has seen a steady increase in the volume of containerized exports. Highly industrialized, Elizabeth makes furnaces, plastics, chemicals, metal and food products, tea, paperboard boxes, and pharmaceuticals. A campus of Union College is in the city. The Goethals Bridge (1928) links Elizabeth with Staten Island, N.Y., and Newark International Airport is nearby. Since the 1980s the Jersey Gardens Mall and other developments have made Elizabeth a retailing center.

The area was purchased (1664) from the Delaware and called Elizabethtown. From 1668 to 1682, Elizabeth borough served as the meeting place of the New Jersey assembly. Chartered as the town of Elizabeth in 1740, it was the scene of several Revolutionary clashes; many buildings were burned (1780). Among surviving older buildings are the 18th-century Elias Boudinot House and the 17th-century Nathaniel Bonnell House. Early industries were tanning and brewing. In the 19th cent., Elizabeth's proximity to New York City and the coming of the railroad stimulated great industrial expansion, especially in shipbuilding, machine production, and oil refining. Alexander Hamilton

Early Career

He was the illegitimate son of James Hamilton (of a prominent Scottish family) and Rachel Faucett Lavien (daughter of a doctor-planter on Nevis and
.....  and Aaron Burr lived at times in Elizabeth.

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Elizabeth, queen of Romania

Elizabeth, 1843–1916, queen of Romania, consort of King Carol I, whom she married in 1869. Of German birth, she was the daughter of Hermann, prince of Wied. She completely identified herself with her adopted people and devoted herself to their cultural development. Under the pseudonym Carmen Sylva the queen wrote extensively and with almost equal facility in German, French, English, and Romanian. She collaborated on several books with her lady-in-waiting, Mite Kremnitz.

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Elizabeth, pseudonym of Countess Russell

Elizabeth: see Russell, Mary Annette.

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Elizabeth, queen of Bohemia

Elizabeth, 1596–1662, queen of Bohemia, daughter of James I of England. Her beauty attracted most of the royal suitors of Europe (she was nicknamed the "Queen of Hearts"), but she was married (1613) to Frederick V, elector palatine (see Frederick the Winter King) in order to cement an alliance between English and German Protestantism. She became queen of Bohemia in 1619, when her husband accepted the crown offered by the Bohemian diet. After Frederick was defeated (1620) in the battle of the White Mt., Elizabeth took up her residence in Holland, where she courageously endured privation and misfortune. She received little support from abroad, even from her son Charles Louis, who was restored to the Palatinate in 1648. In 1661 she returned to England against the wishes of King Charles II, who, however, pensioned her. Among her children were Prince Rupert; Princess Elizabeth, who was the patroness of Descartes; and Sophia, who was electress of Hanover and mother of George I of England.

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Elizabeth, empress of Austria and queen of Hungary

Elizabeth, 1837–98, empress of Austria and queen of Hungary. A Bavarian princess, she was married (1854) to her cousin, Emperor Francis Joseph. Despite her exceptional beauty, intelligence, and kindness she led an unhappy domestic life, which was marred, moreover, by family tragedies (notably the death of her only son, Archduke Rudolf, and the death of one of her sisters in the charity bazaar fire in Paris, 1897). Independent and unconventional, she avoided the stiff etiquette of the Viennese court and spent much of her time abroad, chiefly on Corfu. She was assassinated by the Italian anarchist Luccheni in Geneva, Switzerland.

Bibliography

See biography J. Haslip (1965).

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Elizabeth, czarina of Russia

Elizabeth, 1709–62, czarina of Russia (1741–62), daughter of Peter I and Catherine I. She gained the throne by overthrowing the young czar, Ivan VI, and the regency of his mother, Anna Leopoldovna. Her coup was made possible by her popularity with the imperial guards, who hated the German favorites of Anna Leopoldovna. Elizabeth herself, armed, led the bloodless revolution. Guided in her foreign policy by her chancellor, A. P. Bestuzhev-Ryumin, Elizabeth sought to rid Russia of German influence. She victoriously sided against Frederick II of Prussia in the Seven Years War, but her death and the accession of her nephew, Peter III, took Russia out of the war and made Frederick's ultimate victory possible. During her reign the nobles acquired more power over their serfs and gained a dominant position in local government, while the terms of service they owed the state were shortened. The Moscow Univ. (now Moscow State Univ.) and the Academy of Fine Arts in St. Petersburg were founded during her reign.

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Elizabeth

City (pop., 2000: 120,568), northeastern New Jersey, U.S. Located on Newark Bay adjacent to Newark, it is connected by bridge to Staten Island. Settlement began in 1664 with the purchase of land from the Delaware Indians. The first colonial assembly met there (1668–82). It was the scene of four military engagements during the American Revolution. It grew throughout the 19th century and is now highly industrialized, with important shipping operations. Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr attended an academy in Elizabeth, and Princeton University originated there (1746) as the college of New Jersey.

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Elizabeth

(born Dec. 24, 1837, Munich, Bavaria—died Sept. 10, 1898, Geneva, Switz.) Empress consort of Austria (1854–98) and queen of Hungary (1867–98). Regarded as the most beautiful princess in Europe, she married her cousin, Emperor Francis Joseph, in 1854. She was popular with her subjects but offended Viennese high society with her impatience with rigid court etiquette. The Hungarians admired her, especially for her efforts in bringing about the Compromise of 1867. During a visit to Switzerland she was assassinated by an Italian anarchist.

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Elizabeth

 or Elizabeth Stuart

(born Aug. 19, 1596, Falkland Palace, Fifeshire, Scot.—died Feb. 13, 1662, Westminster, London, Eng.) Titular queen of Bohemia from 1619. Daughter of the Scottish king James VI (later James I of England), she came to English royal court in 1606. Noted for her beauty and charm, she became a favorite subject of the poets. In 1613 she was married to Frederick V, the elector palatine, who became king of Bohemia (as Frederick I) in 1619. After his defeat by the Catholic League in 1620, the couple went into exile, where Elizabeth spent the next 40 years. In 1661 her nephew Charles II grudgingly allowed her to return to England. Her most famous son was Prince Rupert.

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Elizabeth

 Russian Yelizaveta Petrovna

(born Dec. 18, 1709, Kolomenskoye, near Moscow, Russia—died Dec. 25, 1761, St. Petersburg) Empress of Russia (1741–61). Daughter of Peter I and Catherine I, she was proclaimed empress after staging a coup d'état and arresting Ivan VI, his mother, and their chief advisers. She encouraged the development of education and art and left control of most state affairs to her advisers and favorites. Her reign was characterized by court intrigues, a deteriorating financial situation, and the gentry's acquisition of privileges at the expense of the peasantry. However, Russia's prestige as a major European power grew. Russia adhered to a pro-Austrian, anti-Prussian foreign policy, annexed a portion of southern Finland after fighting a war with Sweden, improved its relations with Britain, and fought Prussia in the Seven Years' War. Elizabeth was succeeded by her nephew Peter III.

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Elizabeth¹

1. Saint New Testament the wife of Zacharias, mother of John the Baptist, and kinswoman of the Virgin Mary. Feast day: Nov. 5 or 8

2. pen name Carmen Sylva. 1843--1916, queen of Romania (1881--1914) and author

3. Russian name Yelizaveta Petrovna. 1709--62, empress of Russia (1741--62); daughter of Peter the Great

4. title the Queen Mother; original name Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon. 1900--2002, queen of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1936--52) as the wife of George VI; mother of Elizabeth II

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Elizabeth²

1. a city in NE New Jersey, on Newark Bay. Pop.: 123 215 (2003 est.)

2. a town in SE South Australia, near Adelaide. Pop.: 34 000 (latest est.)

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Elizabeth

Mary’s old cousin; bears John the Baptist. [N.T.: Luke 1:36–80]

See : Annunciation

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Elizabeth

Virgin’s kinswoman, blessed with pregnancy as old woman. [N.T.: Luke 1:5–25]

See : Barrenness

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Elizabeth

dies when Tannhauser vows return to Venus. [Ger. Opera: Wagner, Tannhauser, Westerman, 212]

See : Love, Tragic