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Endogamy

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endogamy (ĕndŏg`əmē): see marriage marriage, socially sanctioned union that reproduces the family. In all societies the choice of partners is generally guided by rules of exogamy (the obligation to marry outside a group); some societies also have rules of endogamy (the obligation to marry within a
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endogamy [en′däg·ə·mē]
(biology)
Sexual reproduction between organisms which are closely related.
(botany)
Pollination of a flower by another flower of the same plant.

Endogamy 

a custom prescribing marriage within a certain social group, such as a tribe, caste, or clan.

In primitive society the tribe was endogamous, and the clan was exogamous (seeEXOGAMY). During the period of the decay of primitive communal relations, the clan or, more frequently, intraclan groups (patronymic groups) among the Malagasy, part of the Bantu, the Arabs, the Uzbeks, the Tuareg, and other peoples became endogamous in an attempt to keep property among close relatives. Ortho-cousin marriages between the children of, for example, cousins and second cousins were arranged in the father’s line and, less frequently, in the mother’s line. Caste endogamy characterizes the castes of India.

REFERENCES

Engels, F. Proiskhozhdenie sem’i, chastnoi sobstvennosti i qosudarstva. In K. Marx and F. Engels, Soch., 2nd ed., vol. 21.
Shternberg, L. Ia. Sem’ia i rod u narodov Severo-Vostochnoi Azii. Leningrad, 1933.


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According to Reich, overall, the picture that emerges is of ancient genetic mixture, followed by fragmentation into small, isolated ethnic groups, which were then kept distinct for thousands of years because of limited intermarriage - a practice also known as endogamy.
41) The socioeconomic network of Willem Moreel was an exponent of the trade endogamy common in the Low Countries, because late medieval Bruges merchants and tradesmen married within their social class, and even within their trade.
It came to be established that caste had an intrinsic relationship with gender; links were seen between class and gender and strategies of reproduction of the system with endogamy, patriarchy and so on, as mechanisms to preserve land, women and ritual quality.
 
 
 
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