Starling, Ernest Henry (redirected from Ernest Starling)

Starling, Ernest Henry, 1866–1927, English physiologist, b. India. He was professor (1899–1923) at University College, London. He was an authority on heart action and circulation. With Sir William M. Bayliss he introduced the concept of hormones and studied intestinal movement, describing (1899) peristalsis as a ganglionic reflex. His many works include Principles of Human Physiology (1912; 14th ed. with Sir Charles A. Evans, 1968).

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Starling, Ernest Henry

(born April 17, 1866, London, Eng.—died May 2, 1927, Kingston Harbour, Jam.) British physiologist. His studies of lymph secretion clarified the roles of different pressures in fluid exchanges between vessels and tissues. Starling and William Bayliss showed how nerve impulses control peristalsis and coined the term hormone. Starling also found that water and necessary chemicals filtered out by the kidneys are reabsorbed at the lower end of the nephron. His Principles of Human Physiology (1912), continually revised, was a standard international text.

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Starling, Ernest Henry 

Born Apr. 17,1866, in London; died May 2,1927, on a steamer in the port of Kingston, Jamaica. English physiologist.

Starling graduated from the medical school at the University of London in 1886 and subsequently worked in Breslau and Paris. From 1899 to 1923 he was a professor at University College, which was incorporated into the University of London in 1907.

Starling wrote on blood circulation, lymph formation, intestinal movements and innervation, renal function, and pancreatic secretion. In 1902, together with W. Bayliss, he discovered secretin, and in 1905 he introduced the concept of hormone. His colloid-osmotic theory clarified the process of lymph formation (Starling’s ultrafiltration theory). Starling proposed, independently of I. P. Pavlov and N. Ia. Chistovich, a modification of a heart-lung preparation. Later becoming widely accepted, the modification enabled him to detect many mechanisms in the activity of an isolated heart.

WORKS

Elements of Human Physiology, 8th ed. London, 1907.
Lectures on Recent Advances in the Physiology of Digestion . . . Chicago, 1906.
Lectures on the Fluids of the Body. London, 1909.
Linacre Lecture on the Law of the Heart. London, 1918.
Principles of Human Physiology, 9th ed. Philadelphia, 1945; in Russian translation: Osnovy fiziologii cheloveka, vols. 1–2. Moscow-Leningrad, 1931–33.

REFERENCE

Martin, C. J. “Prof. E. H. Starling.” Nature, 1927, vol. 119, no. 3,002, pp. 715–21.