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Euler's Equation

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Euler's equation [′ȯi·lərz i¦kwā·zhən]
(mathematics)

Euler’s Equation 

(1) A differential equation of the form

where a0, . . ., an are constants. When x > 0, equation (*) reduces, by the substitution x = et, to a linear differential equation with constant coefficients. Equation (*) was studied by L. Euler in 1740. The equation

reduces to it through the substitution x’ = ax + b.

(2) A differential equation of the form

where X(x) = a0x4 + a1x3 + a2x2 + a3x + a4 and Y(y) = a0y4 + a1y3 + a2y2 + a3y + a4. Euler considered this equation in a number of works, the first of which dates from 1753. He showed that the general solution of the equation is a symmetric polynomial of degree 4 in x and y. This result provided the basis for the theory of elliptic integrals.

(3) A differential equation of the form

which is used in the calculus of variations to search for extrema of the integral

The equation was derived by L. Euler in 1744.



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After presenting the foundations in a form free from any coordinate system, the author follows with a chapter on the technique of writing Navier-Stokes equations and Euler's equations in general steady and nonsteady curvilinear coordinates, as well as the essential aspects of vorticity and stream functions.
Euler's equation was a product of human reason--not observation--but its constants are critical to the fundamental relativistic quantum physics that has been experimentally shown to underlie our material world.
He converted the problem into an equivalent mathematical form that enabled him to pick out candidates likely to satisfy Euler's equation.
 
 
 
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