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Henry Fairfield Osborn
(redirected from Fairfield Osborn)

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Osborn, Henry Fairfield 

Born Aug. 8, 1857, in Fair-field, Conn., died Nov. 6, 1935, in Garrison, N. Y. American paleontologist. Professor at Princeton University (1882–90) and Columbia University (1891). President of the American Museum of Natural History (from 1908).

Osborn’s principal works dealt with terrestrial vertebrate fossils, predominantly mammals, including Perissodactyla, Brontotheriidae, and Proboscidea, and with the history of the theory of evolution. Osborn developed an eclectic concept of evolution, acknowledging the direct influence of the environment on the organism (Buffon’s factor), inheritance of the results of the use (or nonuse) of organs (Lamarck’s factor), and natural selection (Darwin’s factor). He also believed that autogenetic changes could occur in genetic material.

REFERENCES

Davitashvili, L. Sh. Istoriia evoliutsionnoi paleontologii ot Darvina do nashikh dnei. Moscow-Leningrad, 1948.
Istoriia evoliutsionnykh uchenii v biologii. Moscow-Leningrad, 1966.


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Knight revolutionized the public's perception of prehistoric beasts when he teamed with paleontologist Henry Fairfield Osborn to create exquisitely detailed dinosaur paintings in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
The eugenics movement here has been kept alive through the efforts of an institution called The Pioneer Fund, established in 1937 by Wickliffe Draper, a New Engand merchant and two eugenicists, Harry Laughlin and Henry Fairfield Osborn.
As Henry Fairfield Osborn wrote of Darwin's visit to the Galapogos Islands: "Only five weeks, but five weeks of Darwin's eyes and Darwin's powers of observation and reasoning were equivalent to a whole previous cycle of human thought.
 
 
 
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