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Fifth Monarchy Men |
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Fifth Monarchy Men, religious group active during the time of the Commonwealth and Protectorate in England. They were millenarians expecting the imminent coming of Jesus to rule the earth. His monarchy was to be the fifth kingdom described in Dan. 2.36–45; according to their intepretation, the first four were the Assyrian, Persian, Greek, and Roman empires. The Fifth Monarchy Men objected to the Established Church and believed it their duty to establish Christ's reign by force, if necessary. They attempted an uprising in 1657 and again, after the restoration of the monarchy, in 1661. Their leaders were seized and executed for treason, and the group dissolved.
BibliographySee studies by L. F. Brown (1912, repr. 1964), P. G. Rogers (1966), and B. S. Capp (1972). How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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In Venner's two risings in 1657 and 1661 and in the texts that supported them, A Standard Set up and The Door of Hope, it is rather clear that these Fifth Monarchists more than Trapnel and her followers "took on the role of an organizing oppositional vanguard for small producers and the poor" and revealed "a vision of power from below. Nevertheless, as David Loewenstein shows, radicals -- Republicans, Levellers, Diggers, and Fifth Monarchists -- justified the king's trial and execution on the grounds that he had tried to supplant Parliament, subvert the laws, deprive subjects of their rights and privileges, and extend his power to all aspects of church and state. In "The Uses of Hebrew in the English Revolution", Smith argues that the fusion of Puritan religious beliefs and their political agenda during the 1640s and 1650s made the incorporation of Hebrew into speech and writing or "Hebraicized English" a political issue--a competition between Fifth Monarchists and the Protectorate government for the interpretation of prophecies and divine truth through ancient religious words. |
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