`mē, Ital. fy`mā), city (1991 pop. 167,964), W Croatia, on the Adriatic Sea and the Gulf of Quarnero. Croatia's largest seaport, the city's industries include shipbuilding, oil refining, paper milling, and engine building. Dating from Roman times, Rijeka was later held by the Franks. From the 9th to the 14th cent., Croatian dukes ruled the city. It passed to Austria in 1466. Rijeka, which became a free port in 1723, was united with Croatia in 1776, but three years later Austria transferred it to Hungary. It flourished as a major Hungarian port. The French held it briefly during the Napoleonic Wars, but in 1814 it was restored to Austria, which transferred it to Hungary in 1822. After World War I, Rijeka became an object of dispute between Italy and Yugoslavia. The secret Treaty of London (1915) promised it to Yugoslavia, but at the Paris Peace Conference Italy claimed it on the grounds that Italian-speaking inhabitants formed a majority of the population. While negotiations continued, the poet Gabriele D'Annunzio D'Annunzio, Gabriele 1863–1938, Italian poet, novelist, dramatist and soldier, b. Pescara. He went to Rome in 1881 and there began his literary career...... Click the link for more information. at the head of an Italian free corps seized the city in Sept., 1919. By the Treaty of Rapallo (1920), Italy and Yugoslavia agreed to establish Rijeka as a free state. In 1922, however, a Fascist coup overthrew the local government, and Italian troops occupied Rijeka. The Treaty of Rome (1924) eased tensions by leaving Rijeka in Italian hands but awarding its eastern suburb, Susak (Ital. Porto Barros), to Yugoslavia. Susak was developed into a leading Yugoslav seaport. In 1945 Rijeka passed under Yugoslav administration, and in 1947 the Allied peace treaty with Italy formally transferred it to Yugoslavia, which reunited it with Susak as a single city.
Rijeka
Rijeka
a city in Yugoslavia, in the Socialist Republic of Croatia, on the Adriatic Sea in the northern part of the Gulf of Rijeka. Population, 135,000(1972).
Rijeka is a large port, with a freight turnover of more than 10 million tons in 1972; it is also used by Hungary, Austria, and Czechoslovakia. The port of Bakar (3 km southeast of Rijeka), constructed in the 1960’s, is considered part of the port of Rijeka. The city is also a railroad junction. It is linked by highway with resorts on the Adriatic coast; it has a large airport. The city of Sušak (on the left bank of the Rečina River), which is the site of the Rijeka port complex, was united with Rijeka in 1947.
Rijeka is one of Yugoslavia’s main industrial centers. It has two large shipbuilding plants, as well as production of marine diesels and motors, a large oil refinery, and chemical, sawmilling, paper, leather-footwear, tobacco, and food industries. Higher nautical and pedagogical schools and the medical school of the University of Zagreb are in Rijeka; the city also has museums. The old city, with its narrow, winding streets, has been preserved. A Romanesque Gothic cathedral (rebuilt in the 17th and 18th centuries; tower, 1377), the baroque St. Vitus’ Church (1638–1742), and a notable city hall tower (15th to 18th centuries) are in Rijeka.
REFERENCE
Hauptmann, F. Rijeka od rimske Tarsatike do hrvatsko-ugarske nagodbe. Zagreb, 1951.Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content.
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