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Garamond, Claude

   Also found in: Hutchinson 0.02 sec.
Garamond, Claude (klōd gärämôN`), 1480–1561, Parisian designer and maker of printing types. According to tradition he learned his art from Geofroy Tory Tory, Geofroy (zhôfrwä` tôrē`), c.1480–1533, Parisian printer, typographer, and author, b. Bourges.
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. Types designed by Garamond were used in the printeries of the Estienne Henri Estienne, d. 1520, who was by 1502 established as a printer in Paris. Before his death more than 100 books, some of them of great typographic beauty, had issued from his press. His foreman, Simon de Colines , succeeded him and married his widow.
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 family, Colines Colines, Simon de (sēmôN` də kôlēn`), d. 1546, Parisian printer.
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, Plantin Plantin, Christophe (krēstôf` pläNtăN`), 1514–89, printer.
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, and Bodoni Bodoni, Giambattista (jämbät-tē`stä bōdō`nē), 1740–1813, Italian printer b. Piedmont.
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, and types used by the Elzevir Bonaventure Elzevir, 1583–1652, and his grandson

Abraham Elzevir, 1592–1652, continued and expanded the business. A famous designer of types employed by the Elzevirs was Christopher van Dyck .
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 family were based on his designs. His royal Greek type (grecs du roi), designed for Francis I, imitated the Greek writing of a scholar of his time (Angelos Vergetios). His roman and italic types, however, were innovations in being designed as metal types, not as imitations of handwriting. His roman letter forms won general acceptance in France and elsewhere and were a chief influence in establishing the roman letter as standard, in place of the gothic or black letter. Some modern type designs given his name are not closely related to his, but are based on types that were mistakenly attributed to him.


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