HP
(Hewlett-Packard Company, Palo Alto, CA, www.hp.com) The second largest computer company in the U.S. HP was founded in 1939 by William Hewlett and David Packard in a garage behind the Packard's California home. Its first product, an audio oscillator for measuring sound, was the beginning of a line of electronics that made HP an international supplier of electronic test and measurement instruments. Walt Disney Studios, HP's first big customer, purchased eight oscillators to develop and test a new sound system for the movie "Fantasia."
HP entered the computer field in 1966 with the 2116A, the first model of the series named HP 1000 a few years later. The 2116A was designed to gather and analyze the data produced by HP instruments. Lasting nearly four decades, HP 1000 computers were used for process monitoring and control, alarm management and machine monitoring.
In 1972, HP branched into business computing with the 3000 series, a multiuser system that became well known for its high reliability, especially for that time. The successful 3000 family has continued to be one of HP's major computer series. Also in 1972, HP introduced the first scientific handheld calculator, the HP-35, obsoleting the slide rule and ushering in a new age of pocket-sized calculators. In 1982, the first HP 9000 workstation was introduced.
HP's first personal computer was the Touchscreen 150, a non-standard MS-DOS computer that gained only modest acceptance. In 1985, it introduced its first completely IBM-compatible PC, the 286-based Vectra model and has offered a variety of laptop and desktop PCs ever since.
In 1984, HP revolutionized the printer market with its desktop LaserJet printer, which has set the standard for the industry. HP continues its leadership in this area with routine advances in resolution, speed and price. It has become a formidable contender in desktop and network printers.
In 1986, it introduced Precision Architecture, a RISC-based architecture for its 3000 and 9000 series product lines, which proved very successful. In 1989, HP acquired Apollo Computer, a workstation manufacturer, and combined technologies to become a leader in the field of Unix-based workstations.
HP sells over 10,000 different products in the electronics and computer field and has gained a worldwide reputation for its quality engineering. In 1999, HP spun off its test and measurement divisions into a new company named Agilent Technologies. The business units involved grossed nearly eight billion in 1998 and employed 45,000 people worldwide. The new company is headquartered at 395 Page Mill Road, the site where Hewlett and Packard constructed their first building in 1943.
In 2002, HP acquired Compaq Computer. Since Compaq had acquired Digital Equipment Corporation in 1998, the Compaq acquisition resulted in HP absorbing its major competitor going back to the early days of minicomputers and lasting for many years. In 2008, the company acquired EDS, the largest computer services company in the U.S., creating a behemoth of more than 300,000 people worldwide. See EDS.
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| Hewlett and Packard |
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| Dave Packard (left) and Bill Hewlett (right) develop their innovative audio oscillator in Packard's Palo Alto garage in 1939. Perhaps they didn't realize they were starting one of the largest and most-respected high-technology companies in the world. (Image courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company.) |
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| Hewlett and Packard 50 Years Later |
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| Nearly 50 years after the picture above, this photo was taken in 1988 at an awards ceremony at corporate headquarters. (Image courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company.) |
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| HP's First Product |
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| This is the advertisement for the original audio oscillator, HP's first product in 1939. (Image courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company.) |
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| The 2116A |
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| The 2116A was HP's first computer designed for the process control industry. It was the beginning of a long line of computers for this niche as well as for scientific and commercial applications. (Image courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company.) |
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