Haber, Fritz (hä`bər), 1868–1934, German chemist. He was a professor of physical chemistry at Karlsruhe and became director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute at Dahlem in 1911. During World War I he directed Germany's chemical warfare activities, which included the introduction of poison gas; following the Nazi rise to power in 1933, however, he resigned his posts and went into exile. Haber won the 1918 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery of the Haber process Haber process (hä`bər), commercial process for the synthesis of ammonia , NH₃.
..... Click the link for more information. for synthesizing ammonia from its elements. He also did studies of autoxidation and pyrolysis.

Bibliography

See biographies by M. H. Goran (1967) and D. Charles (2005).

Haber, Fritz

(born Dec. 9, 1868, Breslau, Silesia, Prussia—died Jan. 29, 1934, Basel, Switz.) German physical chemist. After early research in electrochemistry and thermodynamics, he developed, with his brother-in-law Carl Bosch (1874–1940), the Haber-Bosch process for making ammonia. Intensely patriotic, he directed Germany's World War I chemical-warfare efforts, under which poison gas was introduced. His versatility and his wide-ranging and important work brought him fame and honour, and he was awarded a 1918 Nobel Prize. In 1933 the Nazi Party's anti-Semitic policies led him to resign as head (since 1911) of the Kaiser-Wilhelm Institute.