Hainaut (ĕnō`), Du. Henegouwen, province (1991 pop. 1,278,791), 1,437 sq mi (3,722 sq km), S Belgium, bordering on France in the south. The chief cities of the predominately French-speaking province are Mons Mons (môNs), Du. Bergen, commune (1991 pop. 91,726), capital of Hainaut prov., SW Belgium, near the French border.
..... Click the link for more information. , the capital; Charleroi Charleroi (shärlərwä`), city (1991 pop. 206,214), Hainaut prov.
..... Click the link for more information. ; and Tournai Tournai (t
rnā`), Du. Doornik, commune (1991 pop.
..... Click the link for more information. . It is low-lying, except in the southeast, and has considerable productive farmland where wheat, grains, sugar beets, and dairy cattle are raised. Manufactures include chemicals and electrical equipment. The province is drained by the Scheldt, Dender, and Sambre rivers and is served by a dense rail network and the Charleroi-Brussels Canal. The county of Hainaut was created in the late 9th cent., and in the divisions of the Carolingian empire became a fief of Lotharingia. Count Reginar Long-Neck made himself master (late 9th–early 10th cent.) of the duchy of Lower Lorraine, which continued under his elder son (see Lotharingia Lotharingia (lŏthərĭn`jə)
..... Click the link for more information. ), while his younger son inherited Hainaut. The widow of Reginar V, the last count of Hainaut, married (1036) Count Baldwin V of Flanders Flanders (flăn`dərz), former county in the Low Countries, extending along the North Sea and W of the Scheldt (Escaut) River.
..... Click the link for more information. , but at his death (1070) Hainaut and Flanders were again separated. In 1191, Flanders again passed, through marriage, to the counts of Hainaut. Baldwin VI of Hainaut (as Baldwin IX, count of Flanders) took part in the Fourth Crusade and became (1204) emperor of Constantinople Constantinople, Latin Empire of, 1204–61, feudal empire established in the S Balkan Peninsula and the Greek archipelago by the leaders of the Fourth Crusade (see Crusades ) after they had sacked (1204) Constantinople; also known as the empire of Romania
..... Click the link for more information. as Baldwin I. After Baldwin's death the two counties were united; in 1278 they were again separated. In 1433, Philip the Good of Burgundy added Hainaut and Holland to his dominions after overcoming the resistance of his cousin, Countess Jacqueline. Hainaut remained under the house of Burgundy until the death (1482) of Mary of Burgundy Mary of Burgundy, 1457–82, wife of Maximilian of Austria (later Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I ), daughter and heiress of Charles the Bold of Burgundy.
..... Click the link for more information. when its history became that of the Austrian Netherlands (see Netherlands, Austrian and Spanish Netherlands, Austrian and Spanish, that part of the Low Countries that, from 1482 until 1794, remained under the control of the imperial house of Hapsburg . The area corresponds roughly to modern Belgium and Luxembourg.
..... Click the link for more information. ). By the treaties of the Pyrenees (1659) and of Nijmegen (1678) parts of Hainaut, including the city of Valenciennes, were permanently annexed by France; they form part of the present Nord Nord (nôr), department (1990 pop. 2,533,000), N France, bordering on the North Sea and Belgium. Lille is the capital.
..... Click the link for more information. dept.
Hainaut, Hainault
..... Click the link for more information. , the capital; Charleroi Charleroi (shärlərwä`), city (1991 pop. 206,214), Hainaut prov.
..... Click the link for more information. ; and Tournai Tournai (t
rnā`), Du. Doornik, commune (1991 pop...... Click the link for more information. . It is low-lying, except in the southeast, and has considerable productive farmland where wheat, grains, sugar beets, and dairy cattle are raised. Manufactures include chemicals and electrical equipment. The province is drained by the Scheldt, Dender, and Sambre rivers and is served by a dense rail network and the Charleroi-Brussels Canal. The county of Hainaut was created in the late 9th cent., and in the divisions of the Carolingian empire became a fief of Lotharingia. Count Reginar Long-Neck made himself master (late 9th–early 10th cent.) of the duchy of Lower Lorraine, which continued under his elder son (see Lotharingia Lotharingia (lŏthərĭn`jə)
..... Click the link for more information. ), while his younger son inherited Hainaut. The widow of Reginar V, the last count of Hainaut, married (1036) Count Baldwin V of Flanders Flanders (flăn`dərz), former county in the Low Countries, extending along the North Sea and W of the Scheldt (Escaut) River.
..... Click the link for more information. , but at his death (1070) Hainaut and Flanders were again separated. In 1191, Flanders again passed, through marriage, to the counts of Hainaut. Baldwin VI of Hainaut (as Baldwin IX, count of Flanders) took part in the Fourth Crusade and became (1204) emperor of Constantinople Constantinople, Latin Empire of, 1204–61, feudal empire established in the S Balkan Peninsula and the Greek archipelago by the leaders of the Fourth Crusade (see Crusades ) after they had sacked (1204) Constantinople; also known as the empire of Romania
..... Click the link for more information. as Baldwin I. After Baldwin's death the two counties were united; in 1278 they were again separated. In 1433, Philip the Good of Burgundy added Hainaut and Holland to his dominions after overcoming the resistance of his cousin, Countess Jacqueline. Hainaut remained under the house of Burgundy until the death (1482) of Mary of Burgundy Mary of Burgundy, 1457–82, wife of Maximilian of Austria (later Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I ), daughter and heiress of Charles the Bold of Burgundy.
..... Click the link for more information. when its history became that of the Austrian Netherlands (see Netherlands, Austrian and Spanish Netherlands, Austrian and Spanish, that part of the Low Countries that, from 1482 until 1794, remained under the control of the imperial house of Hapsburg . The area corresponds roughly to modern Belgium and Luxembourg.
..... Click the link for more information. ). By the treaties of the Pyrenees (1659) and of Nijmegen (1678) parts of Hainaut, including the city of Valenciennes, were permanently annexed by France; they form part of the present Nord Nord (nôr), department (1990 pop. 2,533,000), N France, bordering on the North Sea and Belgium. Lille is the capital.
..... Click the link for more information. dept.
Hainaut
Flemish HenegouwenMedieval county, now a province in southwestern Belgium. The area was once part of the county of Hainaut, which was larger than the modern province, and was bounded by Flanders on the north. United with Flanders several times from the 11th to the 13th century, it was later ruled by the house of Avesnes, the Wittelsbachs, the Burgundians, and finally the Habsburgs. Gradually annexed to France in the 17th and 18th centuries, part of the county stayed with France (now the Nord départment), and the rest passed to The Netherlands in 1814 and to Belgium in 1831. It is a well-farmed region with varied agriculture; animals, including Belgian draft horses, are raised. There are more than 100 castles in Hainaut.
Hainaut, Hainault
a province of SW Belgium: stretches from the Flanders Plain in the north to the Ardennes in the south. Capital: Mons. Pop.: 1 283 200 (2004 est.). Area: 3797 sq. km (1466 sq. miles)
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