Hammarskjöld, Dag (däg häm`ərshōld', Swed. häm`ärshöld`), 1905–61, Swedish statesman, secretary-general of the United Nations United Nations (UN), international organization established immediately after World War II. It replaced the League of Nations. In 1945, when the UN was founded, there were 51 members; 192 nations are now members of the organization (see table entitled United Nations
..... Click the link for more information. (1953–61). He attended the universities of Uppsala and Stockholm (Ph.D., 1934). The son of a former prime minister of Sweden, Hjalmar Hammarskjöld, he entered government service in 1930. He was chairman of the board of the Bank of Sweden (1941–48), performed many diplomatic missions, and entered (1951) the Swedish cabinet as deputy foreign minister. Hammarskjöld served (1951–53) in the Swedish delegation to the United Nations and in 1953 was elected to succeed Trygve Lie Lie, Trygve Halvdan , 1896–1968, Norwegian statesman, first secretary-general of the United Nations. A lawyer and Labor party leader, he was Norwegian minister of justice (1935–39) and minister of trade and supply (1939–41).
..... Click the link for more information. as secretary-general. He was reelected in 1957.

During his tenure Hammarskjöld greatly extended the influence of the United Nations as well as the prestige of the secretary-general. A quiet, tactful, and highly active diplomat, he personally led missions to Beijing (1955), the Middle East (1956, 1958), and elsewhere to lessen tensions or to arrange peace settlements. Under his guidance a UN emergency force was established to help maintain order in the Middle East after the 1956 Suez crisis, and UN observation forces were sent to Laos and Lebanon. He initiated and directed (1960–61) the United Nation's vigorous role in Congo Congo, Democratic Republic of the, formerly Zaïre , republic (2005 est. pop. 60,086,000), c.905,000 sq mi (2,344,000 sq km), central Africa.
..... Click the link for more information. (Kinshasa) against the strong opposition of the Soviet Union. He was on a mission to the Congo when his plane crashed in Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia) on Sept. 18, 1961. He was succeeded as secretary-general by U Thant Thant, U , 1909–74, Burmese diplomat, secretary-general of the United Nations (1962–72). Educated at University College, Yangon, he later held positions in education, the press, and broadcasting.
..... Click the link for more information. . Hammarskjöld was posthumously awarded the 1961 Nobel Peace Prize.

Bibliography

See his book of personal reflections, Markings (1964) and his Public Papers, 1953–1956, ed. by A. W. Cordier and W. Foote (1972); study by B. Urquhart (1972).

Hammarskjöld, Dag (Hjalmar Agne Carl)

(born July 29, 1905, Jönköping, Swed.—died Sept. 18, 1961, near Ndola, Northern Rhodesia) Second secretary-general of the UN (1953–61). His father was prime minister of Sweden and chairman of the Nobel Prize Foundation. Hammarskjöld studied law and economics in Uppsala and Stockholm, then taught at Stockholm (1933–36). He served in the finance ministry, as president of the board of the Bank of Sweden, and in the foreign ministry, where he became chair of the Swedish delegation to the UN (1952). He was appointed secretary-general in 1953 and was reappointed in 1957. His first three years were quiet, but he subsequently dealt with the Suez Crisis, conflict in Lebanon and Jordan, and civil strife following the creation of the Republic of the Congo (1960). He died in a plane crash on a peace mission to Africa. He was posthumously awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1961. As secretary-general, Hammarskjöld is generally thought to have combined great moral force with subtlety in meeting international challenges.

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