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hard water
(redirected from Hardness tester)

    Also found in: Medical, Wikipedia, Hutchinson 0.02 sec.

hard water

Water that contains mineral salts of calcium and magnesium, principally as bicarbonates, chlorides, and sulfates, and sometimes iron. Hardness caused by calcium bicarbonate is known as temporary, because boiling converts the bicarbonate to the insoluble carbonate; hardness from the other salts is called permanent. The calcium and magnesium in hard waters form a hard, adherent scale on boiler plates, increasing fuel consumption and leading to deterioration through overheating. Home water softeners consist of tanks containing zeolite minerals or ion-exchange resins, which contain sodium ions that change places with the calcium and magnesium.

hard water [′härd ¦wȯd·ər]
(chemistry)
Water that contains certain salts, such as those of calcium or magnesium, which form insoluble deposits in boilers and form precipitates with soap.


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The tensile and elongation data were collected using a United model E-VI-60 six-station tensile test instrument, while the hardness data were collected using a Zwick hardness tester.
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