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Heckel, Erich

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Heckel, Erich (ā`rĭkh hĕk`əl), 1883–1970, German painter. In 1905, Heckel, together with Kirchner Kirchner, Ernst Ludwig , 1880–1938, German expressionist painter and graphic artist. He studied art in Munich and was greatly impressed by the neoimpressionists. Kirchner studied Oceanic and other primitive sculpture at the Dresden Museum of Ethnology in 1904.
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 and Schmidt-Rottluff Schmidt-Rottluff, Karl , 1884–1976, German painter and woodcut artist. Schmidt-Rottluff cofounded and named the Brücke in 1905. After moving to Berlin in 1911, he developed an art of compelling color and mystical intensity influenced by fauvism, cubism,
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, founded the Brücke Brücke, Die [Ger.,=the bridge], German expressionist art movement, lasting from 1905 to 1913. Influenced by the art of Jugendstil (the German equivalent of art nouveau), Van Gogh, and the primitive sculpture of Africa and the South Seas, the
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 in Dresden. His paintings of this period (e.g., Scene in a Forest, 1913; Wallraf-Richartz Mus., Cologne) are characterized by violent color and slashing brushwork. His later works, primarily landscapes, are more tranquil in feeling.


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