Hungarian literature definition of Hungarian literature in the Free Online Encyclopedia.

Hungarian literature. Until the 19th cent. Latin was Hungary's literary language. The Funeral Oration (c.1230) is the oldest surviving work in Magyar; some 14th and 15th cent. chronicles also exist. The Reformation prompted various translations of the Bible. The poets Bálint Balassa (late 16th cent.) and Miklós Zrinyi and István Gyöngyössi (17th cent.) were succeeded in the 18th cent. by Vitéz Mihály Csokonai and Ferenc Faludi. In the last quarter of the same century, Hungarian literature was given fresh life with the work of György Bessenyei Bessenyei, György , 1747–1811, Hungarian dramatist and writer. In Vienna he came in contact with French rationalism and was an ardent follower of Voltaire and the Encyclopedists.
..... Click the link for more information. , while Ferenc Kazinczy led a reform of the Hungarian language. The establishment of a national theater and the founding in 1825 of the Hungarian Academy of Science assured the development of a national literature. The leading literary figures in the 19th cent. were the poets Károly Kisfaludy Kisfaludy, Károly , 1788–1830, Hungarian dramatist, founder of the Hungarian national drama. Kisfaludy traveled abroad extensively and studied painting before he returned to Hungary and began his literary career.
..... Click the link for more information. (also a noted dramatist), his brother Sándor, János Arany Arany, János , 1817–82, Hungarian poet. Arany is considered one of the founders of modern Hungarian poetry. He was an actor, notary, editor, and professor of Hungarian literature at the Nagy-Koros college.
..... Click the link for more information. , Mihály Vörösmarty Vörösmarty, Mihály , 1800–1855, Hungarian poet. Considered one of the greatest Hungarian poets, he created a new poetic language and combined the characteristics of the national and classical schools in his work.
..... Click the link for more information. , and Sándor Petőfi Petőfi, Sándor , 1823–49, Hungarian poet and patriot. A failure as an actor, Petőfi became the author of exquisite lyrics. He composed the national poem "Talpra Magyar" (1848), and several epics, including Janos Vitez (1845, tr. 1866).
..... Click the link for more information. , and the novelist Mór Jókai Jókai, Mór , 1825–1904, Hungarian romantic novelist and journalist. Jókai was a fervent nationalist who, after the Hungarian defeat in 1848, became a fugitive from the Austrians.
..... Click the link for more information. . Endre Ady Ady, Endre , 1877–1919, Hungarian poet. He abandoned his studies in law for a career in journalism and literature. His first volume of poetry, Versek, appeared in 1899.
..... Click the link for more information. and Attila József József, Attila , 1905–37, Hungarian poet. Born in Budapest of a poor family, József had to support himself from the age of seven with menial jobs; he was never able to earn a living from his writing. He was dismissed from the Univ.
..... Click the link for more information. were the outstanding early 20th cent. poets; the dramatists Ferenc Herczeg Herczeg, Ferenc , 1863–1954, Hungarian writer. Herczeg wrote popular romantic farces as well as historical and social novels, plays, and stories, which were generally ironic and detached in tone.
..... Click the link for more information. and Ferenc Molnár Molnár, Ferenc , 1878–1952, Hungarian dramatist and novelist. He studied law in Budapest and Geneva and was for some time a journalist in Budapest. He was a prolific author of plays, novels, stories, sketches, dialogues, and war reports.
..... Click the link for more information. achieved international fame. Between the two World Wars, novelists were divided into three groups—the Horthy regime defenders; the Populists, who sought improvement of the peasants' lot; and the Communists. The most eminent Populist was László Németh. After World War II, Hungarian literature fell under Soviet influence, and the Communist party exercised rigid control over writing and publishing. Writers who adhered to the Soviet doctrine of socialist realism socialist realism, Soviet artistic and literary doctrine. The role of literature and art in Soviet society was redefined in 1932 when the newly created Union of Soviet Writers proclaimed socialist realism as compulsory literary practice.
..... Click the link for more information. included the poet György Somlyó and the prose writers Géza Hegedűs and József Darvas. Diverging from this doctrine were the poet László Mécs, published only outside Hungary, and the novelist Tibor Déry, who was imprisoned for his nonconformity. The revolt of Oct., 1956, whose participants included a number of prominent writers, was followed by a gradual easing of censorship; with the collapse of the Communist regime, censorship ended.

Bibliography

See histories by F. Riedl (tr. 1906, repr. 1968), T. Kloniczay and H. H. Remak (1982), and L. Czigány (1984); J. Reményi, Hungarian Writers and Literature (1965); L. Degh, ed., Folktales of Hungary (tr. 1965); M. Vajda, ed., Modern Hungarian Poetry (1977); T. Kloniczay, ed., Old Hungarian Literary Reader (tr. 1985).

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No references found			He is regarded as one of the leading figures in modern Hungarian literature and won the country's highly-regarded Kossuth Prize in 1996. Hungarian writer wins Manes-Sperber prize by AFP / AFP Global Edition This loner who read Hungarian literature and did complicated home repairs during his leisure hours somehow found time to meet and marry my mother. A man in full: my father embodied the Old World spirit since lost in ... by Gottfried, Paul E. / The American Conservative The most obvious among them lies in the memorial tradition of Hungarian literature that has been shaped by a series of cataclysmic historical events. Visions of catastrophe in the poetry of Miklos Radnoti by Ozsvath, Zsuzsanna / CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture			Hundsdieke reaction Hunedoara Huneker, James Gibbons hung hung ceiling Hung Ho Hung Hsiu-Chuan Hung Hsiu-Chüan Hung Hu-Tzu Hung Jen-Kan hung jury hung sash hung scaffold Hung Sheng hung shot hung slating hung window Hung-Chi Hung-chiang Hungarian Hungarian Academy of Sciences Hungarian Autonomous Region Hungarian Foreign Trade Bank Hungarian Horses Hungarian language Hungarian literature Hungarian National Bank Hungarian National Gallery Hungarian National Independence Front Hungarian National Theater Hungarian notation Hungarian Opera Theater Hungarian Partridge Hungarian Plain Hungarian pointer Hungarian Revolt Hungarian Revolution Hungarian Socialist Workers Party Hungarian Soviet Republic of 1919 HSR Hungarian Telegraph Agency Hungarian-Chinese Treaty of 1959 on Friendship and Cooperation Hungarian-Czechoslovak Treaty of 1949 on Friendship, Cooperation, and Hungarian-Czechoslovak Treaty of 1968 on Friendship, Cooperation, and Hungarian-German Treaty of 1967 on Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Hungarian-Italian Treaty of 1927 on Friendship, Mediation, And Hungarian-Polish Treaty of 1948 on Friendship, Cooperation, And Mutual Hungarian-Polish Treaty of 1968 on Friendship, Cooperation, And Mutual Hungarian-Rumanian Treaty of 1948 on Friendship, Cooperation, And Hungarian-Venetian Wars Hungarian-Yugoslav Treaty of 1940 on Perpetual Peace And Everlasting Hungarians			Hungarian forint Hungarian Foundation for the Study of Obesity Hungarian Freedom Fighters' Federation Hungarian Freestyle Skateboarding Association Hungarian Geographical Name Committee Hungarian Geographical Name Committee Hungarian Geographical Name Committee Hungarian goulash Hungarian goulash Hungarian grass Hungarian Home Defence Forces Hungarian Horse Association Hungarian Horses Hungarian Human Rights Foundation Hungarian Ice Hockey Federation Hungarian Institute of Agricultural Engineering Hungarian Institute of International Affairs Hungarian Interchurch Aid Hungarian International Finance Limited Hungarian Investment and Trade Development Agency Hungarian Journal of English and American Studies Hungarian Journal of Industrial Chemistry Hungarian Kuvasz Hungarian Kuvasz Hungarian Kuvasz Hungarian Kuvasz Hungarian language Hungarian language Hungarian language Hungarian lilac Hungarian literature Hungarian Local Time Hungarian Medical Association of America Hungarian Metal Link Exchange Hungarian millet Hungarian millet Hungarian Ministry of Environment and Water Hungarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Hungarian monetary unit Hungarian naming convention Hungarian National Bank Hungarian National Gallery Hungarian National GI Hungarian National Independence Front Hungarian National Museum Hungarian National Observatory Hungarian National Theater Hungarian National Tourist Office Hungarian Natural History Museum Hungarian notation Hungarian notation Hungarian Opera Theater Hungarian Operations Research Society Hungarian Oracle User Group Hungarian Osteoporosis Patients Association Hungarian partridge Hungarian partridge Hungarian Patent Office