Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region definition of Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region in the Free Online Encyclopedia.

Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, Mandarin Nei Monggol zizhiqu, autonomous region (1994 est. pop. 22,170,000), c.455,000 sq mi (1,178,755 sq km), NE China. It is bounded on the north by the Republic of Mongolia and on the northeast by Russia. The capital is Hohhot Hohhot or Huhehot , city (1994 est. pop. 683,200), capital of the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, N China. The terminus of caravan routes to Xinjiang and to the Republic of Mongolia, Hohhot is also connected by rail with Beijing and is a
..... Click the link for more information. (Huhehot).

Land and People

Inner Mongolia is largely steppe country that becomes increasingly arid toward the Gobi Desert in the west. The climate is continental with cold dry winters and hot summers. Stockraising, mainly of sheep, goats, horses, and camels, is a major occupation; wool, hides, and skins are important exports. Rainfall is scanty, but irrigation makes agriculture possible, and much grazing land has been converted to raising spring wheat. The main farming areas are in the bend of the Huang He (Yellow River) and in the Hohhot plains.

The Mongols of China are concentrated in the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, but there has been much Chinese immigration and the Mongols now comprise less than 20% of the population. The Chinese live mostly in the farming areas. Many of the traditionally nomadic Mongols have settled in permanent homes as their pastoral economy was collectivized. Inner Mongolian Univ. is in Hohhot.

Economy

Principal crops are wheat, sorghum, millet, oats, corn, linseed, soybeans, sugar beets, and rice. There are valuable mineral deposits (coal, lignite, iron ore, lead, zinc, and gold), as yet only partially exploited. The region's industries, centered at Baotou Baotou or Paotow , city (1994 est. pop. 1,032,900), Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, China. A port and major trade center on the Huang He (Yellow River), it is connected by rail with Beijing, Lanzhou, the Republic of Mongolia, and Russia.
..... Click the link for more information. , include iron and steel mills and plants producing fertilizer, cement, textiles, and machinery. A railway built in 1958, linking Russia (through Mongolia) with Lanzhou in Gansu prov., passes through Hohhot and Baotou. The Beijing-Ulaanbaatar road traverses the region. Considerable additional road and rail improvements have been made with the vigorous industrialization of Baotou.

History

Originally the southern part of Mongolia Mongolia , Asian region (c.906,000 sq mi/2,346,540 sq km), bordered roughly by Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, on the west; the Manchurian provinces of China on the east; Siberia on the north; and the Great Wall of China on the south.
..... Click the link for more information. , Inner Mongolia was settled chiefly by the Tumet and Chahar tribes. From 1530 to 1583, Inner Mongolia was held by Anda (Altan Khan), chief of the Tumets, who harried N China and once besieged Beijing. After his death, Likdan Khan of the Chahars became (c.1605) ruler, but in 1635 he was defeated by the Manchus, who soon annexed Inner Mongolia. Under Manchu rule S Mongolia became known as Inner Mongolia; N Mongolia, conquered by the Manchus at the end of the 17th cent., became known as Outer Mongolia.

Until 1911, Inner Mongolia was only under nominal Chinese rule; however, Chinese settlers in the region soon forced the Mongol tribes into the steppe and arid parts of the region. After the Revolution of 1911, Inner Mongolia became an integral part of the Chinese Republic. In 1928 it was divided among the Chinese provinces of Ningxia, Suiyuan, and Chahar. After the outbreak (1937) of the Sino-Japanese War, the Mongols of Suiyuan and Chahar established the Japanese-controlled state of Mengkiang or Mengjiang, with its capital at Guihua.

The Chinese Communists, after their conquest of Inner Mongolia in 1945, supported the traditional aspirations of the Mongols for autonomy, and in May, 1947, the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region—with limited powers of self-government within the Communist state—was formally proclaimed. It was the first autonomous region established by the Communist government.

From 1949 to 1956 the area of the region was expanded through the incorporation of the former province of Suiyuan and parts of the provinces of Liaobei, Rehe, Chahar, and Gansu. Extensive boundary changes in 1969, however, considerably reduced the size of the province. The W Ala Shan desert region was given to Gansu and Ningxia Autonomous Region, and the northeast corner, which bordered on Russia, was divided between the Manchurian provinces. Hebei prov. also received a section of Inner Mongolia. These border changes were reversed in 1979, and the region was restored to its former size. Hohhot has been the capital since 1952; from 1947 to 1950 the capital was at Ulanhot (Ulan Hoto), and from 1950 to 1952 it was at Zhangjiakou Zhangjiakou or Changkiakow , Mongolian Kalgan, city (1994 est. pop. 615,300), NW Hebei prov., China, near a gateway of the Great Wall and on the Beijing-Russia RR.
..... Click the link for more information. (Kalgan; now in Hebei prov.).

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No references found			of Melbourne) examines the area now known as the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region and its history as a political entity from the late Qing and early republican periods. Constructing Suiyuan: The Politics of Northwestern Territory and ... by Reference & Research Book News The Foreign Ministry lifted its advisory on nonessential travel postponement on Tianjin, the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, and Hebei and Shanxi provinces. Japan lifts SARS travel warnings on 9 areas in China by Asian Economic News An exhibition tracing 3,500 years of Mongolian history and culture culminating in the reign of Genghis Khan - organized by the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County under special dispensation from the Chinese Central Government and the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region - includes more than 200 works of art, many of which are very recent discoveries and are being displayed for the first time in the West. Genghis Khan: Treasures from Inner Mongolia by Kessler, Adam T. / USA Today (Magazine)			inner automorphism inner bailey inner barrel inner bead inner bottom inner bremsstrahlung inner casing inner cell mass inner child inner class inner core inner court Inner Ear Inner Form inner function inner harbor inner hearth Inner Hebrides inner join inner keel inner Lagrangian point inner mantle inner marker inner measure Inner Mongolia Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region inner planet inner potential inner product inner product space inner quantum number inner sanctum Inner Speech inner strake Inner Temple inner tube inner-tube extension Innervation Innes, James Innes, Michael Inness, George innings Innis, Harold Adams Innis, Roy innkeeper's daughter Innocence Innocent I, Saint Innocent II Innocent III Innocent IV Innocent V			inner man Inner Manchuria Inner Manchuria Inner Manchuria inner mantle Inner Marker Inner Marker Inner measure Inner Medulla Plasma Membranes Inner medullary collecting duct cell Inner Medullary Collecting Duct Epithelial Inner Medullary Plasma Flow Inner Medullary Thin Limb Inner Membrane Peptidase Subunit 1 Inner Metropolitan Regional Organisation of Councils Inner Mold Line Inner Mongolia Inner Mongolia Inner Mongolia Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Inner Mongolia Continential International Travel Inner Mongolia Grassland Ecosystem Research Station Inner Mongolia Normal University Inner Mongolia Polytechnic University Inner Mongolia University Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Inner Mongolia University of Technology Inner Mongolian Inner Mongolian Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region Inner Mongolian People's Party Inner Moray Firth Inner Moray Firth Inner Moray Firth inner nature Inner normal Inner North Brisbane Mental Health Service Inner nuclear layer Inner nuclear layer Inner nuclear layer Inner nuclear layer Inner nuclear layer Inner Oort cloud Inner Oort cloud Inner Oort cloud Inner Parish Security Corporation inner part inner part Inner Peace Television Network Inner Physical Layer inner planet inner planet inner planets inner planets Inner plate Inner post inner potential inner product inner product Inner Product of Vectors