International Criminal Police Organization

International Criminal Police Organization: see Interpol.

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Interpol

 officially International Criminal Police Organization

International organization whose purpose is to fight international crime. Interpol promotes the widest possible mutual assistance between the criminal police authorities of affiliated countries and seeks to establish and develop all institutions likely to contribute effectively to the prevention and suppression of ordinary crime. The organization traces its history to 1914, when a congress of international criminal police, attended by delegates from 14 countries, was held in Monaco. Interpol was formally founded in Austria in 1923 with 20 member countries; after World War II its headquarters moved to Paris and, in 1989, to Lyon, France. By the early 21st century, its membership exceeded 180 countries. Interpol pursues criminals who operate in more than one country (e.g., smugglers), those who stay in one country but whose crimes affect other countries (e.g., counterfeiters of foreign currency), and those who commit a crime in one country and flee to another.

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International Criminal Police Organization 

commonly known as Interpol, the successor to the International Criminal Police Commission, founded in Vienna in 1923.

The current Interpol constitution was adopted in 1956. As of Sept. 1, 1975, the organization had 120 member countries, including Cuba, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. Each member country has a National Central Bureau, working in cooperation with other countries to combat offenses under ordinary law.

Interpol’s governing bodies are the general assembly, which is convened annually, and the president, who is elected by the assembly. There are also an executive committee and a general secretariat, headed by a secretary general.

The organization is chiefly active in the struggle against juvenile crime, illegal traffic and nonmedical use of narcotics, counterfeiting and forgery of securities, and hijacking on domestic and international airlines.

Interpol’s official publication is the journal International Criminal Police Review (published since 1946). The organization has its permanent headquarters in Paris.