..... Click the link for more information. or are refracted by a lens lens, device for forming an image of an object by the refraction of light. In its simplest form it is a disk of transparent substance, commonly glass, with its two surfaces curved or with one surface plane and the other curved.
..... Click the link for more information. . An image of an object is also formed when this light passes through a very small opening like that of a pinhole camera (which has no lens). Images are classed as real or virtual. A real image occurs when the rays of light from the object actually converge to form an image and can be seen on a screen placed at the point of convergence. For example, the image produced by the refraction of light rays by a convex lens (when the distance between the object and the lens is greater than the focal length of the lens) is real, and it appears on the side of the lens opposite the one on which the object is present. On the other hand, a virtual image occurs when the prolongations of the light rays converge to form an image, but the light rays themselves do not reach the point of convergence. Thus a virtual image cannot be seen on a screen. The image in a plane mirror is virtual. It appears to be behind the mirror, at a distance equal to that of the object in front, although the rays of light from the object do not penetrate the mirror but are reflected from it. Images of the same size as the object are sometimes produced, as in the case of the plane mirror, but in other cases they are larger, and in still others, smaller. They are sometimes erect and in other cases are inverted. The size of the image and whether it is erect or inverted, real or virtual, depend on the distance of the object from the lens or mirror relative to the focal length and on the type of lens or mirror (plane, convex, or concave) employed.
(2) To picture. To display.
(3) See system image.
image
image [′im·ij]
| image - 1. Images are usually taken from the real world via a digital camera, frame grabber, or scanner; or they may be generated by computer, e.g. by ray tracing software. See also image formats, image processing. |
Image
in philosophy, the result and ideal form of the reflection of an object in human consciousness, arising from practical sociohistorical experience, on the basis and in the form of a system of signs. On the sensory level of knowledge, images consist of sensations, perceptions, and representations. On the level of logical thought, they consist of concepts, judgments, and conclusions.
The objective sources of images are objects and phenomena in the material world. In this sense, an image is secondary in relation to its original. The material substratum of an image consists of the corresponding neurophysiological processes occurring in the human or animal cortex. The material embodiment of an image takes the form of practical acts, language, and various semiotic models. The artistic image is a specific form of image.
The uniqueness of an image lies in its subjective and ideal quality: it has no independent existence outside of its relationship to its material substratum—the brain and the object reflected in the brain. An image is objective in content to the degree to which it faithfully reflects an object. But the image of an object never exhausts the full wealth of its characteristics and relationships: the original is richer than its copy. Once it arises, the image acquires a relatively independent character and plays an active role in human and animal behavior, regulating behavior and actions.
A. G. SPIRKIN
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