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James Gillray

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Gillray, James 

Born Aug. 13, 1757, in Chelsea, now a municipal district of London; died June 1, 1815, in London. English graphic artist and engraver.

Gillray studied at the London Academy of Arts. Developing the satirical motifs of W. Hogarth’s work, Gillray, along with other English graphic artists of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, transformed caricature into an independent artistic genre. He is especially well known for his political caricatures, executed in a rather coarse and grotesque manner and with gaudy colors, in which he ’ridiculed the royal family, the aristocracy, the ministers, and Napoleon I. His etchings included New Method of Paying National Debts (1786) and The King of Brobdingnag and Gulliver (1803-04).

REFERENCES

Nekrasova, E. Ocherki po istorii angliiskoi karikatury kontsa 18 i nachala 19 vekov. [Leningrad] 1935.
Hill, D. Mr. Gillray the Caricaturist. London, 1965.


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In 1792 a Miltonic caricature by James Gillray turned Death into Prime Minister Pitt, defended by Queen Charlotte who is cast as his incestuous mistress Sin.
Works are included by a large number of British artists, with Ford Madox Brown, James Gillray, Paul Nash, and William Blake among those receiving more lengthy treatment as examples of certain descriptive themes.
His influence weighed heavily on the next generation of venomous sketchers, a group that included within its ranks James Gillray and George Cruikshank.
 
 
 
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