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Joachim Patinir

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Patinir, Joachim 

(also Patenier or Patinier). Born circa 1475–80 in Bouvignes or Dinant, Namur; died Oct. 5, 1524, in Antwerp. Flemish Renaissance painter.

Patinir worked in Antwerp. Developing further the traditions of the Van Eycks and H. Bosch, he made nature of primary importance in his religious compositions, thus becoming one of the founders of the landscape genre. In Patinir’s works the landscape backgrounds are clearly divided by color into three areas —foreground, middle distance, and background. Examples are The Flight Into Egypt (Royal Museum of Fine Arts, Antwerp) and The Landscape With Charon (Prado, Madrid). Patinir’s works are somewhat fantastical panoramas, depicting mountains and fantastical rock formations, forests, seas, and rivers. Individual religious scenes, which determined the themes but not the content of Patinir’s paintings, were often painted by other artists, for example, Q. Massys.

REFERENCES

Koch, R. A. Joachim Patinir. Princeton, N.J., 1968.
Friedländer, M. The Early Netherlandish Painting, vol. 9: Joos van Cleve, Jan Provost, Joachim Patenier. Leyden-Brussels, 1972.


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After a chapter surveying the art market in Antwerp and how this mercantile culture represented itself, the author turns to the first of his categories, landscape, here essentially the world landscape as invented by Joachim Patinir.
Landscape painting, which had been merely the setting for religious scenes, became important in its own right in the art centers of Antwerp and Brussels, and when Joachim Patinir, one of the first to create stand-alone landscapes, was praised by Albrecht Durer as a "good landscape painter," the term landscape was elevated for the first time outside the context of Italian art (1).
The search for the Middle Way, as Kavaler shows, constitutes the central theme of Bruegel's Battle between Carnival and Lent of 1559, which combines the confrontational motifs in Hieronymus Bosch's Carnival and Lent with the metaphor of the pilgrimage of life developed by Joachim Patinir.
 
 
 
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