John Constable definition of John Constable in the Free Online Encyclopedia.

Constable, John

Born June 11, 1776, in East Bergholt, Suffolk; died Mar. 31, 1837, in London. English painter.

Constable, the son of a village miller, attended the Royal Academy in London from 1800 to 1805 (he became a member of the academy in 1829). He was largely a self-taught artist, having studied nature, the works of J. van Ruisdael, N. Poussin, and C. Lorraine, and the 18th-century English landscape paintings by T. Gainsborough, J. R. Cozens, and T. Girtin.

Rejecting any idealization of nature, Constable depicted the freshness of many facets of everyday village settings by reproducing the flickering atmospheric effects. His works, such as The Hay Wain (1821, National Gallery, London), Salisbury Cathedral From the River (National Gallery, London), Dedham Vale (1828, National Gallery, Edinburgh), and Stoke-by-Nayland (1836; Art Institute of Chicago), reveal a sense of the harmonious unity of nature, which is inspirational and majestic even in its most modest aspect.

Constable composed his landscapes on the basis of a vast number of plein air studies. Some of his landscapes were the first in the history of landscape painting to be done entirely from nature. Constable combines a naturalness of composition and a purity and freshness of colors with a wealth of hues and a mobility of fine brushstroke. He frequently painted the same motif under different weather conditions, subtly conveying the uniqueness of these conditions. He was particularly fond of painting cloud studies and executed numerous series of such studies. Constable greatly furthered the growth of realist tendencies in 19th-century painting (for example, the work of Delacroix, the masters of the Barbizon school, and the impressionists).

REFERENCES

Leslie, C. R. Zhizn’ Dzhona Konsteblia, eskvaira. Moscow, 1964. (Translated from English.)
Chegodaev, A. D. Dzhon Konstebl’. Moscow, 1968.
Badt, K. John Constable’s Clouds. London, 1950.
Shirley, A. John Constable. London, 1948.
Reynolds, G. Constable, the Natural Painter. London, 1965.

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No references found			John Constable, of English painters, was in East Bergholt, son of a landowner miller. Onthisday by Coventry Evening Telegraph (England) 1776: John Constable, greatest of English landscape painters, was born in East Bergholt, Suffolk, son of a landowner and miller. ON THIS DAY IN .. by Daily Post (Liverpool, England) 1837: English landscape painter John Constable died. On this day by Huddersfield Daily Examiner (Huddersfield, England)			John Bosco, Saint John Boyd Thacher State Park John Boynton Priestley John Broadus Watson John Brown John Brown Farm State Historic Site John Brown's Body John Bryan State Park John Bull John Bunyan John Burdon Sanderson Haldane John Burns John Burroughs Memorial State Historic Site John Byron John Calvin John Carew Eccles John Carter Brown Library John Christian Watson John Chrysostom John Chrysostom, Saint John Clarke Slater John Clerk John Climacus John Climax, Saint John Colet John Constable John Cornford John Cowdery Kendrew John Crerar Library John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation John D. MacArthur Beach State Park John D. Rockefeller Jr. Memorial Parkway John D. Rockefeller, Jr., Memorial Parkway John Dalton John Damascene John Damascene, Saint John Daniel Wild John Davis John Day John Day Dam John Day Fossil Beds National Monument John Denton Pinkstone French John Desmond Bernal John Desmond Clark John Dewey John Doe John Dollond John Donne John Dory John Douglas Cockcroft John Dryden			John Ciardi John Ciardi John Citizen John Citizen John Clapham John Clare John Clarke John Clarke Slater John Clarkson John Cleese John Clerk John Clerk, Bishop of Bath and Wells John Cleveland John Climacus John Climax John Climax, Saint John Cockcroft John Cockcroft John Colet John Collins Partners LLP John Coltrane John Coltrane John Coltrane Memorial Concert John Comenius John Connelly Presents John Constable John Constantine Unitas John Convertino John Cook School of Business John Coolidge, Jr. John Coolidge, Jr. John Cooper Works John Copley John Cordier Academy John Cornelius Hodges John Cornford John Cornforth John Costanza Institute of Technology John Cotton John Couch Adams John Cowan Band John Cowdery Kendrew John Cowper Powys John Crerar Library John Crome John Crowe Ransom John Curtin John Curtin College of the Arts John Curtin Institute of Public Policy John Curtin International Institute