`kä), city (1990 pop. 327,865), capital of Mexico state, central Mexico. Located on the central plateau, Toluca (alt. c.8,760 ft/2,670 m) has a year-round cool climate. It was established as a settlement in 1530 by Hernán Cortés Cortés, Hernán, or Hernando Cortez , 1485–1547, Spanish conquistador, conqueror of Mexico.
Expedition to Mexico..... Click the link for more information. , who had received the Valle de Toluca as a grant from Emperor Charles V. The surrounding plain is fertile, producing grain, fruits, and vegetables. Cattle raising is important. The city has become increasingly industrialized, and has food processing, beverage, and automobile assembly plants, as well as flour, cotton, and woolen mills; it has also experienced growth as an outlying suburb of Mexico City. Despite industrialization the city is still known for its traditional handicrafts. Two small rivers run through the town, and nearby is an inactive volcano, the Nevado de Toluca, called also Xinantecatl and Cinantécatl.
Toluca
in full Toluca de LerdoCity (pop., 2000: 435,125), capital of México state, central Mexico. At an elevation of about 8,800 ft (2,680 m), it is one of the highest cities in North America. The site of the modern city, founded in 1530, was inhabited by the Otomi Indians by the 13th century. It is a commercial and communications centre in an agriculture and livestock region. Its oldest church was founded soon after the Spanish conquest and rebuilt in 1585. There are many archaeological sites in the area, including some Aztec and Toltec ruins.
Toluca
Toluca
a city in central Mexico and capital of the state of México. Population, 136,100 (1974). Toluca, a transportation center, has industries that serve the capital area. Among the city’s main branches of industry are automobile assembly, electrical engineering, chemicals, food processing, and textile manufacturing.
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