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Julich

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Jülich 

a historical region in Germany, now in the Federal Republic of Germany; located in the Land (state) of North Rhine-Westphalia.

Originally a county, Jülich became a margravate in 1336 and a duchy in 1360. In 1423 it was united with the duchy of Berg, and from 1511, Jülich and Berg were both ruled by the duke of Cleves. When the line of the dukes of Cleves ended, a dispute broke out between the German Catholic and Protestant princes. This dispute developed into an acute international conflict foreshadowing the Thirty Years’ War (1618–48). As a result of the struggle for the Jülich-Cleves succession, Jülich passed to the Catholic Palatinate-Neuburg. From 1777 it was under the jurisdiction of the ruler of Bavaria. It was seized by French troops in 1794 and annexed to France in 1801. The Congress of Vienna (1814–15) gave almost all of Jülich to Prussia.
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