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ketone |
Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus, Medical, Legal, Wikipedia, Hutchinson | 0.06 sec. |
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ketone (kē`tōn), any of a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group carbonyl group (kär`bənĭl) ..... Click the link for more information. , C=O, and in which the carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms. The general formula for a ketone is RCOR′, where R and R′ are alkyl or aryl groups. The simplest ketone, where R and R′ are methyl groups, is acetone acetone (ăs`ĭtōn), dimethyl ketone ..... Click the link for more information. ; this is one of the most important ketones used in industry. Low-molecular-weight ketones are used chiefly as solvents. Ketones may be prepared by several methods, including the oxidation of secondary alcohols and the destructive distillation of certain salts of organic acids. Ketones are related to the aldehydes aldehyde (ăl`dəhīd) [alcohol + New Lat. ..... Click the link for more information. but are less active chemically. ketoneAny of a class of organic compounds containing a carbonyl group (−C=O; see functional group) bonded to two carbon atoms. Ketones can participate in many chemical reactions, though to a lesser extent than the related aldehydes. Many more complex organic compounds have ketones as building blocks. Their chief industrial use is as solvents and in the manufacture of explosives, lacquers, paints, and textiles. Acetone is the most important ketone; several sugars and some natural and synthetic steroids are ketones. In ketosis, ketones produced by lipid metabolism accumulate in the blood and urine in abnormal amounts, usually because of starvation or a metabolic disease such as diabetes mellitus. How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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When blood-glucose concentrations get low, the liver converts a portion of fatty acids into acids called ketone bodies or ketones. In addition to providing ketone bodies to the mitochondria to keep the cells alive, the ketone bodies also suppress free radical production and thereby increase the cell's ability to protect itself from damage. In addition to providing ketone bodies to the mitochondria to keep the cells alive, the ketone bodies also suppress free radical production and thereby increase the cell's ability to protect itself from damage. |
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