Levine, Philip

Levine, Philip (1928–  ) poet; born in Detroit, Mich. He studied at Wayne State University (B.A. 1950; M.A. 1955), the University of Iowa (M.F.A. 1957), and Stanford (1957). He taught at California State University: Fresno (1981), edited and translated volumes of poetry, and won many awards for his own work. He is known for his spare, reflective poetry, as in What Work Is (1991).

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Levine, Philip (1900–87) immunohematologist; born in Kletsk, Russia. He came to Brooklyn with his parents in 1908. He was a research assistant at the Rockefeller Institute (1925–32), where, in 1928, he and Nobel laureate Karl Landsteiner codiscovered the M, N, and P human blood groups. Levine taught and performed bacteriological research at the University of Wisconsin (1932–35), was a bacteriologist and serologist at Beth Israel Hospital, Newark, N.J. (1935–44), and actively endorsed laws ordering blood tests for paternity at both institutions. In 1940, with Landsteiner and Alexander Weiner, he discovered the Rh factor in human blood and was the first to publish results of subsequent research on fetal-maternal isoimmunization due to this factor. He became director (1944–66), emeritus director (1966–75), then consultant (1975–85) at the Ortho Research Foundation, Raritan, N.J., whose immunohematology division was renamed the Philip Levine laboratories shortly after his arrival.