Liman Von Sanders, Otto

Liman von Sanders, Otto (ô`tō lē`män fən zän`dərs), 1855–1929, German general. In 1913 he was made head of the German military mission to Constantinople to reorganize the army of the Ottoman Empire. His appointment caused a diplomatic crisis between Germany and Russia, which suspected German designs on the Ottoman capital. A compromise was reached when the Germans agreed that Liman become inspector general of the army, a post with less extensive authority. In World War I, Liman commanded Turkish armies in the Gallipoli campaign (1915–16) and was given (1918) supreme command in Palestine, where he was defeated by Allenby. He wrote Five Years in Turkey (1920, tr. 1957).

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Liman von Sanders, Otto

(born Feb. 17, 1855, Stolp, Pomerania—died Aug. 22, 1929, Munich, Ger.) German general. He entered the German army in 1874 and rose to lieutenant general. He reorganized the Turkish army and made it an effective fighting force in World War I. In command of the Turkish army at Gallipoli, he and the Turkish commanders forced the Allies to end the Dardanelles Campaign and prevented the seizure of Constantinople.

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Liman Von Sanders, Otto 

Born Feb. 17, 1855, in Stolp; died Aug. 22, 1929, in Munich. German general.

Liman von Sanders was the head of a German military mission to Turkey from 1913 to 1918. His mission helped the Germans to establish military and political control over Turkey during World War I. From February 1915 to January 1916 he commanded the Turkish Fifth Army on the Gallipoli Peninsula; from 1917 to 1918 he led a group of Turkish troops in Palestine.

WORKS

Fünf Jahre Türkei, 2nd ed. Berlin, 1922.