Linear Algebra (redirected from Linear alegebra)

linear algebra

Branch of algebra concerned with methods of solving systems of linear equations; more generally, the mathematics of linear transformations and vector spaces. “Linear” refers to the form of the equations involved—in two dimensions, ax + by = c. Geometrically, this represents a line. If the variables are replaced by vectors, functions, or derivatives, the equation becomes a linear transformation. A system of equations of this type is a system of linear transformations. Because it shows when such a system has a solution and how to find it, linear algebra is essential to the theory of mathematical analysis and differential equations. Its applications extend beyond the physical sciences into, for example, biology and economics.

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linear algebra [′lin·ē·ər ′al·jə·brə]

(mathematics)

The study of vector spaces and linear transformations.

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Linear Algebra 

the part of algebra that is most important for applications. The theory of linear equations was the first problem to arise that pertained to linear algebra. The development of the theory led to the creation of the theory of determinants and subsequently to the theory of matrices and the related theories of vector spaces and linear transformations in them. Linear algebra also encompasses the theory of forms, in particular quadratic forms, and, in part, the theory of invariants and the tensor calculus. Some branches of functional analysis constitute a further development of corresponding problems of linear algebra associated with the passage from n-dimensional vector spaces to infinite-dimensional linear spaces.

REFERENCES

Aleksandrov, P. S. Lektsii po analiticheskoi geometrii .... Moscow, 1968.
Kurosh, A. G. Kurs vysshei algebry, 9th ed. Moscow, 1968.
Mal’tsev, A. I. Osnovy lineinoi algebry, 3rd ed. Moscow, 1970.
Faddeev, D. K., and V. N. Faddeeva. Vychislitel’nye metody lineinoi algebry, 2nd ed. Moscow-Leningrad, 1963.