Rulers of Spain since 1474
(including dates of reign)
Union of Castile and Aragón |
| Isabella I (of Castile), ruled jointly with Ferdinand II (of Aragón), 1474–1504 |
| Ferdinand II, ruled jointly with Isabella I as Ferdinand V of Castile, 1474–1504; ruled Aragón only, 1504–16; ruled Castile as regent, 1506–16 |
Hapsburg Dynasty |
| Joanna (the Mad), daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella; ruled Castile only (jointly with Philip I in 1506), 1504–6 |
| Philip I (the Handsome), son of Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I; ruled Castile jointly with Joanna, 1506 |
| Charles I (Holy Roman Emperor Charles V), son of Joanna and Philip, 1516–56 |
| Philip II, son of Charles I, 1556–98 |
| Philip III, son of Philip II, 1598–1621 |
| Philip IV, son of Philip III, 1621–65 |
| Charles II, son of Philip IV, 1665–1700 |
Bourbon Dynasty |
| Philip V, great grandson of Philip IV, 1700–1746 |
| Ferdinand VI, son of Philip V, 1746–59 |
| Charles III, younger son of Philip V, 1759–88 |
| Charles IV, second son of Charles III, 1788–1808 |
| Ferdinand VII, son of Charles IV, 1808 |
French Intrusion |
| Joseph Bonaparte, 1808–13 |
Bourbon Restoration |
| Ferdinand VII, restored, 1813–33 |
| Isabella II, daughter of Ferdinand VII, 1833–68 |
Elective Monarchy |
| Francisco Serrano y Domínguez, regent, 1869–70 |
| Amadeus, elected by a constituent assembly, 1870–73 |
First Republic |
| Estanislao Figueras, president, 1873 |
| Francisco Pi y Margall, president, 1873 |
| Nicolás Salmerón y Alonso, president, 1873 |
| Emilio Castelar y Ripoll, prime minister, 1873–74 |
Bourbon Restoration |
| Alfonso XII, son of Isabella II, 1874–85 |
| Alfonso XIII, son of Alfonso XII, 1886–1931 |
Second Republic |
| Niceta Alcalá Zamora, president, 1931–36 |
| Manuel Azaña, president, 1936–39 |
Nationalist Government |
| Francisco Franco, chief of state, 1939–75 |
Constitutional Monarchy |
| Juan Carlos I, grandson of Alfonso XIII, 1975– |