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lithosphere |
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lithosphere (lĭth`əsfēr '), brittle uppermost shell of the earth, broken into a number of tectonic plates. The lithosphere consists of the heavy oceanic and lighter continental crusts, and the uppermost portion of the mantle mantle, portion of the earth 's interior lying beneath the crust and above the core. No direct observation of the mantle, or its upper boundary, has been made; its boundaries have been determined solely by abrupt changes in the velocities and character of seismic ..... Click the link for more information. . The crust and mantle are separated by the Moho or Mohorovicic discontinuity (see earth earth, in geology and astronomy, 3rd planet of the solar system and the 5th largest, the only planet definitely known to support life. Gravitational forces have molded the earth, like all celestial bodies, into a spherical shape. ..... Click the link for more information. and seismology seismology (sīzmŏl`əjē, sīs–) ..... Click the link for more information. ). The thickness of the lithosphere varies from to around 1 mi (1.6 km) at the mid-ocean ridges to approximately 80 mi (130 km) beneath older oceanic crust. The thickness of the continental lithospheric plates is probably around 185 mi (300 km) but is uncertain due to the irregular presence of the Moho discontinuity. The lithosphere rests on a soft layer called the asthenosphere asthenosphere (ăsthēn`əsfēr) ..... Click the link for more information. , over which the plates of the lithosphere glide. See plate tectonics plate tectonics, theory that unifies many of the features and characteristics of continental drift and seafloor spreading into a coherent model and has revolutionized geologists' understanding of continents, ocean basins, mountains, and earth history. ..... Click the link for more information. . lithosphereRigid, rocky outer layer of the Earth, consisting of the crust and the solid outermost layer of the upper mantle. It extends to a depth of about 60 mi (100 km). It is broken into about a dozen separate, rigid blocks, or plates (see plate tectonics). Slow convection currents deep within the mantle, generated by radioactive heating of the interior, are believed to cause the lateral movements of the plates (and the continents that rest on top of them) at a rate of several inches per year. How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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| Anorogenic magmatism is linked to lithospheric extension, hotspots and intraplate rifting and various types of mineralization associated with this style of magmatism, including Sn, Nb, Ta, U, Th, F and Be in anorogenic granites (Sawkins 1984), and Olympic Data-type Cu-Au-U iron-oxide deposits. As a lithospheric plate passes over a hot spot, like a conveyor belt passing over a lit candle, the heat raises a chain of volcanoes. Both samples exhibit Cr-diopsides which had once been in equilibrium with garnet peridotites under cool geothermal conditions (of the order of 37mW/m2), with no evidence for lithospheric damage and most of the grains plot within the Diamond Stability Field. |
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